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the front-rank men

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1 rank

I 1. noun
1) (position in hierarchy) Rang, der; (Mil. also) Dienstgrad, der

be above/below somebody in rank — einen höheren/niedrigeren Rang/Dienstgrad haben als jemand

2) (social position) [soziale] Stellung

people of all ranks — Menschen aus allen [Gesellschafts]schichten

3) (row) Reihe, die

4) (Brit.): (taxi stand) [Taxen]stand, der

5) (line of soldiers) Reihe, die

the ranks — (enlisted men) die Mannschaften und Unteroffiziere

the rank and file — die Mannschaften und Unteroffiziere; (fig.) die breite Masse

close [our/their] ranks — die Reihen schließen; (fig.) sich zusammenschließen

rise from the ranks — sich [aus dem Mannschaftsstand] zum Offizier hochdienen; (fig.) sich hocharbeiten
2. transitive verb
(classify)

rank among or with — zählen od. rechnen zu

rank something highly — etwas hoch einstufen
3. intransitive verb
rank among or with — gehören od. zählen zu

rank above/next to somebody — rangmäßig über/direkt unter jemandem stehen
II adjective
1) (complete) blank [Unsinn, Frechheit]; krass [Außenseiter, Illoyalität]

2) (stinking) stinkend

3) (rampant)

rank weeds — [wild] wucherndes Unkraut

* * *
I 1. [ræŋk] noun
1) (a line or row (especially of soldiers or taxis): The officer ordered the front rank to fire.) die Reihe

2) ((in the army, navy etc) a person's position of importance: He was promoted to the rank of sergeant/colonel.) der Rang

3) (a social class: the lower social ranks.) die Klasse
2. verb
(to have, or give, a place in a group, according to importance: I would rank him among our greatest writers; Apes rank above dogs in intelligence.) einreihen, gelten als

- academic.ru/119003/the_rank_and_file">the rank and file
II [ræŋk] adjective
1) (complete; absolute: rank stupidity; The race was won by a rank outsider.) kraß

2) (unpleasantly stale and strong: a rank smell of tobacco.) scharf

•

- rankness

* * *

rank¹

[ræŋk]

I. n

1. no pl POL (position) Position f, [hohe [o leitende]] Stellung

to pull \rank den Vorgesetzten herauskehren fam; POL Rang m

a top \rank of government ein Spitzenposten m in der Regierung

2. MIL Dienstgrad m, Rang m

▪ the \ranks pl (non-officers) einfache Soldaten

to close \ranks die Reihen schließen; ( fig) sich akk zusammenschließen

to join the \ranks in die Armee eintreten

to join the \ranks of sth sich akk in etw akk einreihen

John has joined the \ranks of the unemployed John ist dem Heer der Arbeitslosen beigetreten

to be promoted to the \rank of captain zum Hauptmann befördert werden

to rise from [or through] the \ranks sich akk zum Offizier hochdienen; ( fig) sich akk hocharbeiten

3. (membership)

▪ the \ranks Mitglieder pl

there is great concern about safety among the \ranks of racing drivers unter Rennfahrern herrscht große Sorge über die Sicherheit

party \ranks Parteimitglieder pl

4. (row) Reihe f

cab [or taxi] \rank Taxistand m

the front \rank of sth die vorderste Reihe einer S. gen

serried \ranks of sth ganze Reihen von etw dat

II. adj attr, inv (absolute) absolut, ausgesprochen

a \rank amateur ein absoluter Amateur

a \rank beginner ein blutiger Anfänger/eine blutige Anfängerin

\rank cowardice reine Feigheit

\rank injustice zum Himmel schreiende Ungerechtigkeit

\rank insubordination pure Aufsässigkeit; MIL schiere Gehorsamsverweigerung

\rank negligence extreme Vernachlässigung

a \rank novice ein absoluter Neuling

a \rank outsider ein totaler Außenseiter/eine totale Außenseiterin

\rank stupidity reine [o schiere] Dummheit

III. vi

1. (hold a position)

▪ to \rank above sb einen höheren Rang als jd einnehmen, im Rang über jdm stehen

2. (be classified as)

he currently \ranks second in the world er steht derzeit auf Platz zwei der Weltrangliste, er ist derzeit Weltranglistenzweiter

she \ranks among the theatre's greatest actors sie gehört mit zu den größten Theaterschauspielern

IV. vt

1. (classify)

▪ to \rank sth/sb jdn/etw einstufen

▪ to \rank sb among sb/sth jdn zu jdm/etw zählen

▪ to \rank sb/sth alongside sb/sth jdn/etw auf die gleiche Stufe mit jdm/etw stellen

2. (arrange)

▪ to \rank sth etw anordnen

to \rank sb/sth in order of size jdn/etw der Größe nach aufstellen

rank²

[ræŋk]

adj

1. (growing thickly) of a plant üppig wuchernd, wild wachsend

2. (overgrown) verwildert, überwuchert

3. (rancid) stinkend attr

▪ to be \rank with sth nach etw dat stinken

his body was \rank with sweat er stank nach Schweiß

\rank smell/odour [or AM odor] übler Geruch/Gestank

* * *
I [rŋk]
1. n

1) (MIL: grade) Rang m

officer of high rank —

to reach the rank of general — den Rang eines Generals erlangen

See:

→ pull

2) (= class, status) Stand m, Schicht f

people of all ranks — Leute pl aller Stände

a person of rank — eine hochgestellte Persönlichkeit

a singer of the first rank — ein erstklassiger Sänger

3) (= row) Reihe f; (Brit = taxi rank) Taxistand m

the taxi at the head of the rank — das erste Taxi in der Reihe

4) (MIL: formation) Glied nt

to break rank(s) — aus dem Glied treten

to keep rank(s) — in Reih und Glied stehen

to serve in the ranks — gemeiner Soldat sein

the ranks, other ranks (Brit) — die Mannschaften und die Unteroffiziere

the rank and file (Mil) — die Mannschaft

the rank and file of the party/union — die Basis der Partei/Gewerkschaft, die einfachen Partei-/Gewerkschaftsmitglieder

the rank and file workers — die einfachen Arbeiter

to rise from the ranks — aus dem Mannschaftsstand zum Offizier aufsteigen; (fig) sich hocharbeiten

to reduce sb to the ranks — jdn degradieren

See:

→ close

5) (MUS) Register nt

2. vt
(= class, consider)
to rank sb among the best — jdn zu den Besten zählen

where would you rank Napoleon among the world's statesmen? — wie würden Sie Napoleon als Staatsmann einordnen or einstufen?

3. vi

to rank among — zählen zu

to rank above/below sb — bedeutender/weniger bedeutend als jd sein; (athlete) leistungsmäßig über/unter jdm liegen; (officer) rangmäßig über/unter jdm stehen

to rank high among the world's statesmen — einer der großen Staatsmänner sein

he ranks high among her friends —

it ranks with the best films of the decade — es zählt zu den besten Filmen des Jahrzehnts

he ranks as a great composer — er gilt als großer Komponist

to rank 6th — den 6. Rang or Platz belegen
II
adj (+er)

1) plants üppig; grass verwildert

rank with weeds — von Unkraut überwuchert

to grow rank — wuchern

2) (= offensive) smell übel; dustbin, drain stinkend attr; fat ranzig; person derb, vulgär

to be rank (dustbin, drains) — stinken; (breath) stinken, übel riechend sein

3) attr (= utter) disgrace wahr; injustice schreiend; nonsense, insolence rein; outsider, amateur richtig, absolut, ausgesprochen

* * *

rank¹ [ræŋk]

A s

1. (soziale) Klasse, (Gesellschafts)Schicht f

2. Rang m, Stand m, (soziale) Stellung:

a man of rank ein Mann von Stand;

of second rank zweitrangig;

take the rank of den Vorrang haben vor (dat);

take rank with sb mit jemandem gleichrangig sein;

take high rank einen hohen Rang einnehmen;

rank and fashion die vornehme Welt

3. MIL etc Rang m, Dienstgrad m:

in rank im Rang, rangmäßig;

he is above me in rank er ist ranghöher als ich

4. pl MIL (Unteroffiziere pl und) Mannschaften pl:

rank and file der Mannschaftsstand ( → A 5);

rise from the ranks aus dem Mannschaftsstand hervorgehen, von der Pike auf dienen (a. fig)

5. auch rank and file (der) große Haufen ( → A 4):

the rank of workers die große Masse oder das Heer der Arbeiter;

the rank of a party die Basis einer Partei

6. Aufstellung f:

form into ranks sich formieren oder ordnen

7. MIL Glied n, Linie f:

break ranks

a) wegtreten,

b) in Verwirrung geraten;

close the ranks die Reihen schließen;

fall in ranks antreten;

join the ranks in das Heer eintreten;

quit the ranks

a) aus dem Glied treten,

b) desertieren

8. Reihe f, Linie f, Kette f: → cab rank

9. Schach: waag(e)rechte Reihe

B v/t

1. in einer Reihe oder in Reihen aufstellen

2. (ein)ordnen, einreihen

3. eine Truppe etc antreten lassen oder aufstellen, formieren

4. a) einstufen

b) rechnen, zählen ( beide:

with, among zu):

I rank him above Shaw ich stelle ihn über Shaw;

be ranked 8th in the world an 8. Stelle der Weltrangliste stehen

5. US einen höheren Rang einnehmen als

C v/i

1. eine Reihe oder Reihen bilden, sich formieren oder ordnen

2. einen Rang oder eine Stelle einnehmen:

rank equally gleichrangig sein;

rank first den ersten Rang einnehmen;

rank high

a) einen hohen Rang einnehmen,

b) einen hohen Stellenwert haben;

ranking list Rangliste f;

ranking officer US ranghöchster Offizier;

ranking tournament SPORT Ranglistenturnier n

3. gehören, zählen ( beide:

among, with zu), rangieren ( above über dat, vor dat; next to hinter dat, gleich nach):

rank as gelten als;

he ranks next to the president er kommt gleich nach dem Präsidenten

4. besonders MIL (in geschlossener Formation) marschieren:

rank off abmarschieren

5. WIRTSCH, JUR bevorrechtigt sein (Gläubiger etc)

rank² [ræŋk] adj (adv rankly)

1. a) (wild) wuchernd (Pflanzen)

b) überwuchert (Garten etc)

2. fruchtbar (Boden etc)

3. stinkend, übel riechend

4. widerlich (Geruch, Geschmack)

5. rein, völlig:

rank outsider krasse(r) Außenseiter(in);

rank beginner blutige(r) Anfänger(in);

rank nonsense blühender Unsinn

6. ekelhaft, widerwärtig

7. unanständig, schmutzig (Sprache etc)

* * *
I 1. noun
1) (position in hierarchy) Rang, der; (Mil. also) Dienstgrad, der

be above/below somebody in rank — einen höheren/niedrigeren Rang/Dienstgrad haben als jemand

2) (social position) [soziale] Stellung

people of all ranks — Menschen aus allen [Gesellschafts]schichten

3) (row) Reihe, die

4) (Brit.): (taxi stand) [Taxen]stand, der

5) (line of soldiers) Reihe, die

the ranks — (enlisted men) die Mannschaften und Unteroffiziere

the rank and file — die Mannschaften und Unteroffiziere; (fig.) die breite Masse

close [our/their] ranks — die Reihen schließen; (fig.) sich zusammenschließen

rise from the ranks — sich [aus dem Mannschaftsstand] zum Offizier hochdienen; (fig.) sich hocharbeiten
2. transitive verb
(classify)

rank among or with — zählen od. rechnen zu

rank something highly — etwas hoch einstufen
3. intransitive verb
rank among or with — gehören od. zählen zu

rank above/next to somebody — rangmäßig über/direkt unter jemandem stehen
II adjective
1) (complete) blank [Unsinn, Frechheit]; krass [Außenseiter, Illoyalität]

2) (stinking) stinkend

3) (rampant)

rank weeds — [wild] wucherndes Unkraut

* * *

n.

Dienstgrad m.

Grad -e m.

Rang ¨-e (Mathematik) m.

Rang ¨-e m.

Reihe -n f.

Stand ¨-e m.

Stufe -n f.

sozialer Stand m.

English-german dictionary > rank
2 πρωτοστάτης

πρωτο-στάτης [ᾰ], ου, ὁ, ([etym.] ἵστημι)

A one who stands first, esp. the first man on the right of a line, right-hand man, ὁ π. τοῦ δεξιοῦ κέρως Th.5.71
; but also οἱ π. the front-rank men, X.Cyr.3.3.57, 6.3.24, Lac.11.5, etc.; either sense possible in Teles p.4 H.

2 = λοχαγός, Ael.Tact.5.1, Arr. Tact.5.6.

3 man in the uneven rows in a λόχος, opp. ἐπιστάτης, Ascl.Tact.2.3, etc.

II metaph., chief or leader of a party, Act.Ap. 24.5; π. τοῦ χοροῦ τῶν μαθητῶν Porph.Chr.26.1
; π. τοῦ θητικοῦ καὶ οἰκετικοῦ Men.Prot.p.8 D.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρωτοστάτης
3 primores

prīmōris, e ( nom. sing. not in use), adj. [primus], the first, first (class. in plur.).
I.
In gen. (rare):
imbres,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2:
dentes,
the front teeth, Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 70:
in primore pueritiā,
in earliest childhood, Gell. 10, 19, 3:
anni,
first, earliest, Sil. 1, 511: primori Marte, in the first part or beginning of the war, id. 11, 143:
primore aspectu,
at first sight, Gell. 2, 7, 6.—
II.
In partic.
A.
The foremost part, forepart, tip, end, extremity (class.;
syn. primus): sumere aliquid digitulis primoribus,
with the tips of one's fingers, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 24:
versabatur mihi (nomen) in labris primoribus,
is at my tongue's end, id. Trin. 4, 2, 65:
aliquid primoribus labris attingere,
to touch slightly, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87; cf. id. Cael. 12, 28; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 428, 3:
surculum primorem praeacuito obliquum primores digitos duos,
Cato, R. R. 40, 3; Lucil. ap. Non. 427, 27:
eduxique animam in primoribu' naribus,
id. ib. 427, 32:
nasi primoris acumen,
Lucr. 6, 1193:
(pilo) primori inest pyxis ferrea,
Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 112; 10, 33, 51, § 99:
cauda late fusa primori parte,
id. 8, 54, 80, § 216:
vestibulum esse partem domus primorem,
Gell. 16, 5, 2:
in primore libro,
at the beginning of the book, Gell. 1, 18, 3:
usque in primores manus ac prope in digitos,
as far as the forepart of the hands, id. 7, 12:
primori in acie versari,
Tac. H. 3, 21.—
B.
The first in rank or dignity, chief, principal ( poet. and postclass.—In Liv. 24, 20, 13, Weissenb. reads: inpigre conscriptā; v. also Madvig. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52):
Argivorum viri,
Cat. 68, 87:
feminae,
Tac. A. 2, 29:
venti,
chief, cardinal, Gell. 2, 22.—Hence, subst.: prīmō-res, um, m.
(α).
The front rank in battle, etc.:
dum inter primores promptius dimicat, sagittā ictus est,
Curt. 4, 6, 17.—
(β).
The men of the first rank, the chiefs, nobles, patricians (cf. princeps):
Amphitruo delegit viros primorum principes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 49:
odio alienae honestatis ereptus primoribus ager,
Liv. 1, 47, 11:
primores populi arripuit,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 69:
civitatum primores atque optimates,
Col. 12, 3, 10:
primores, ac duces,
Juv. 15, 40:
ex primoribus,
Tac. A. 13, 30; 4, 33; Vulg. 2 Macc. 8, 9.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > primores
4 primoris

prīmōris, e ( nom. sing. not in use), adj. [primus], the first, first (class. in plur.).
I.
In gen. (rare):
imbres,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2:
dentes,
the front teeth, Plin. 7, 16, 15, § 70:
in primore pueritiā,
in earliest childhood, Gell. 10, 19, 3:
anni,
first, earliest, Sil. 1, 511: primori Marte, in the first part or beginning of the war, id. 11, 143:
primore aspectu,
at first sight, Gell. 2, 7, 6.—
II.
In partic.
A.
The foremost part, forepart, tip, end, extremity (class.;
syn. primus): sumere aliquid digitulis primoribus,
with the tips of one's fingers, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 24:
versabatur mihi (nomen) in labris primoribus,
is at my tongue's end, id. Trin. 4, 2, 65:
aliquid primoribus labris attingere,
to touch slightly, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87; cf. id. Cael. 12, 28; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 428, 3:
surculum primorem praeacuito obliquum primores digitos duos,
Cato, R. R. 40, 3; Lucil. ap. Non. 427, 27:
eduxique animam in primoribu' naribus,
id. ib. 427, 32:
nasi primoris acumen,
Lucr. 6, 1193:
(pilo) primori inest pyxis ferrea,
Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 112; 10, 33, 51, § 99:
cauda late fusa primori parte,
id. 8, 54, 80, § 216:
vestibulum esse partem domus primorem,
Gell. 16, 5, 2:
in primore libro,
at the beginning of the book, Gell. 1, 18, 3:
usque in primores manus ac prope in digitos,
as far as the forepart of the hands, id. 7, 12:
primori in acie versari,
Tac. H. 3, 21.—
B.
The first in rank or dignity, chief, principal ( poet. and postclass.—In Liv. 24, 20, 13, Weissenb. reads: inpigre conscriptā; v. also Madvig. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52):
Argivorum viri,
Cat. 68, 87:
feminae,
Tac. A. 2, 29:
venti,
chief, cardinal, Gell. 2, 22.—Hence, subst.: prīmō-res, um, m.
(α).
The front rank in battle, etc.:
dum inter primores promptius dimicat, sagittā ictus est,
Curt. 4, 6, 17.—
(β).
The men of the first rank, the chiefs, nobles, patricians (cf. princeps):
Amphitruo delegit viros primorum principes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 49:
odio alienae honestatis ereptus primoribus ager,
Liv. 1, 47, 11:
primores populi arripuit,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 69:
civitatum primores atque optimates,
Col. 12, 3, 10:
primores, ac duces,
Juv. 15, 40:
ex primoribus,
Tac. A. 13, 30; 4, 33; Vulg. 2 Macc. 8, 9.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > primoris
5 πρόσθεν

πρόσθεν, and in Poets [full] πρόσθε, also in [dialect] Ion. Prose (Hdt.1.11, al., cf. ἐπίπροσθε); [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol. [full] πρόσθα A.D.Adv.153.20, E.M.424.12 (in elision πρόσθ', Alcm.73, Sapph.Supp.1.5); [dialect] Dor. also [full] πρόθεν (cf. ὄπιθεν), Greg.Cor.p.222S.: Adv.

A as Prep. with gen.:

I of Place or Space, before, στῆ πρόσθ' αὐτοῖο Il.5.170
; πεζὸς πρόσθ' ἵππων 13.385
, cf. 392, etc.; κατὰ τεύχε' ἔθηκε πρόσθεν Ἀχιλλῆος 19.13
; π. ποδῶν Od.22.4
, cf. Il.23.877; ἐκ δὲ τὼ ἀΐξαντε πυλάων π. μαχέσθην before, i.e. outside, 12.145, cf. 9.473; νῆσος.. π. Σαλαμῖνος τόπων A.Pers. 447
; π. Μυρμιδόνων πολεμιζέμεν in front of them, at their head, Il.16.220; ἐν τῷ π. τοῦ στρατεύματος in front of.., X.Cyr.5.3.52; εἰς τὸ π. τῶν ὅπλων ἐκαθέζοντο Id.An.3.1.33
; εἰς τὸ π. τινῶν θεῖναί τι ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν Pl.R. 618a
: with collat. notion of defence, [σάκος] πρόσθε στέρνοιο φέρων Il.7.224
; στὰς πρόσθεν νέκυος 16.321
; τάων οὔτοι π. ἵσταμαι I defend them not, 4.54: hence, for, on behalf of, π. φίλων τοκέων ἀλόχων τε καὶ υἱῶν 21.587
, cf. 16.833; ὅς τε ἑῆς π. πόλιος λαῶν τε πέσῃσιν Od.8.524
.

2 with Verbs of motion, π. ἕθεν φεύγοντα Il.5.56
, 80, 20.402; π. δὲ κί' αὐτοῦ 15.307
.

3 metaph., οὐδὲν ἐς π. κακῶν E.Hec. 961
: of preference, ἄγειν τινὰ π. τινός Id.Ba. 225
; π. τιθέναι τί τινος Id.Hec. 129
(anap.), cf. IG22.1299.58; αἰσχρὰ π. τοῦ καλοῦ ζητεῖν E.Fr.659.7
.

II of Time, before, πρόσθ' ἄλλων Il.2.359
, cf.S.Ph. 778; τοῖιν δ' ἔγνω π. first of the twain, Il.13.66, cf. Hes.Th. 746; ἐμοῦ π. A.Pers. 529
; τοῦ χρόνου π. θανοῦμαι S.Ant. 462
; π. ἑσπέρας X.Cyr.7.5.43
.—The gen. sts. stands before πρόσθεν, Il.4.54, etc., cf. supr. When it seems to be folld. by a dat., this dat. must be connected with the Verb, and πρόσθεν taken as Adv., v. infr. B. 1.1.

B as Adv.:

I of Place or Space, before, in front, π. λέων ὄπιθεν δὲ δράκων Il.6.181
, Hes.Th. 323; π. δέ οἱ δόρυ τ' ἔσχε καὶ ἀσπίδα Il.5.300
, cf. 315; π. δέ οἱ ποίησε γαλήνην Od.5.452
; πρόσθ' ὁρόων θάνατον Il.20.481
; ὁ π. the front rank man, X.Cyr.2.2.8; τὰ π. ib.6.3.2; τὰ π. (sc. σκέλη ) the forelegs (of a horse), Id.Eq.1.12; ἡ χώρα ἡ π. Plb. 3.80.3
; προῆγε εἰς τὸ π. on, forward, Id.4.66.5; ἀεὶ τοῦ π. ὀρεγόμενοι Id.3.84.12
: with collat. notion of defence, π. σάκεα σχέθον Il.4.113
; ἥ τοι π. στᾶσα βέλος ἄμυνεν ib. 129.

2 with Verbs of motion, before, in front, π. ἔφευγε 22.158
; ἥ οἱ π. ἰοῦσα 20.95
; π. ἡγεμονεύειν Od.22.400
, 24.155; ἵππους π. βαλεῖν, v. βάλλω A.11.5; ἐς τὸ πρόσθε παριέναι forward, Hdt.8.89; πάριτ' εἰς τὸ π. Ar.Ach.43
; εἰς τὸ π. προΐωμεν Pl.R. 437a
, etc.; μηδεμίαν αἰσχύνην π. ποιεῖσθαι allow to stand in the way, Id.Lg. 732b.

3 metaph., εἰς τὸ π. ἔτι ζητήσαντες Id.Sph. 258c
; τοὺς ὄπισθεν εἰς τὸ π. ἄξομεν S.Aj. 1249
.

II of Time, before, formerly, erst, οὗ καὶ π. ἀρίστη φαίνετο βουλή Il.7.325
, etc.; οὔποτε π. S.Aj. 318
; οὔπω π. X.An.5.4.18
; ἔτι π. Pl.Sph. 242d
; σμικρῷ π. Id.Lg. 969b
; οἱ π. ἄνδρες the men of old, Il.9.524; τοῦ π. Κάδμου τοῦ πάλαι τ' Ἀγήνορος S.OT 268
; ὁ π. γεννηθείς Id.OC 375
; ἡ π. the elder, E.Ph.58; of things, οἱ π. πόνοι the former, earlier labours, A.Supp.52 (lyr.); ἁ π. ἱππεία S.El. 504
(lyr.); ὁ π. λόγος Id.OT 851
; ἡ π. ἡμέρα X.An.2.3.1
, etc.; τὰ π. what was said above, Pl.Phdr. 238b; also τὸ π., as Adv., formerly, Il.23.583, Od.4.688; ταὐτὰ τῷ π. the same as before, Pl.Phdr. 241b; τὰ π. A. Ag.19
.

C folld. by a Particle, πρόσθεν, πρὶν.. before.., mostly with a neg., οὐ πρόσθεν.., πρίν γε.. με ἴδηται Od.17.7
, cf. X.An.1.1.10, Cyr. 1.2.8, etc.; οὐ π. πρὶν ἤ.. ib.1.4.23: without a neg., π. πρὶν τυχεῖν Pi.P.2.91
: also π. ἢ.. S.OT 736
, El.82, 1333; ποτιτάσσει.. μὴ π. ἐξελθεῖν ἢ τὰν ματέρα κατακάνῃ Anon.Mythogr. in PSI9.1091.3.

2 sooner, rather, π. ἂν ἀποθάνοιεν ἢ τὰ ὅπλα παραδοίησαν would die sooner than.., X.An.2.1.10.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρόσθεν
6 πρότερος

πρότερος and [full] πρῶτος, [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. formed from πρό, opp. ὕστερος, ὕστατος.

A [comp] Comp. [full] πρότερος, α, ον,

I of Place, before, in front, π. πόδες the fore-feet, Od.19.228; π. ἵπποι horses in front, B.5.43:— but mostly,

II of Time, former, earlier, ἄνδρες Il.21.405
; ἄνθρωποι 5.637
, 23.332; οἱ π. men of former times, 4.308 (rarely without Art., A.Ag. 1338 (anap.), etc.); οὗτος δὲ προτέρης γενεῆς π. τ' ἀνθρώπων Il.23.790
: also, older, opp. ὁπλότερος, 2.707, etc.; γενεῇ π. 15.182; but παῖδες π. children by the first or a former marriage, Od.15.22; παῖδες ἐκ τῆς π. γυναικός Hdt.7.2
; τῇ προτέρῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ) on the day before, Od.16.50; ἠοῖ τῇ π. Il.13.794 (in Prose more freq. τῇ προτεραίᾳ, cf. προτεραῖος); τοῦ π. ἐνιαυτοῦ the year before, IG12.352.11; τοῖς π. Παναθηναίοις the preceding P., ib.57.8; τὰ π. what has preceded, Plot.3.2.8:—freq. used predicatively, sts. where we should expect the Adv. (which is never used by Hom.), ὅ με π. κάκ' ἔοργε Il.
3.351, cf. 16.569, Hes.Op. 708, etc.; σπονδὰς οὐ λύσετε πρότεροι Th.1.123
; οἱ π. ἐπιόντες ibid.; τοῖς π. μετὰ Κύρου ἀναβᾶσι X.An.1.4.12
, cf. IG22.1.7; εἰ μὴ π. ἑωράκη αὐτὸν ἢ ἐκεῖνος ἐμέ Pl.R. 336d
, cf. 432c, etc.;
ὅτι εἴη π. ὑπὸ ἐκείνων ἠδικημένος
PCair.Zēn.
288.9
(iii B.C.).

2 as regular [comp] Comp., c. gen., ἐμέο πρότερος Il.10.124
; π. τούτων Hdt.1.168
, cf. Pl.Phd. 86b, Hp.Ma. 282d; τὰς γυναῖκας μὴ ἀπιέναι προτέρας τῶν ἀνδρῶν IG12(5).593.19
(Iulis, v B.C.); τῇ π. ἡμέρᾳ τῆς τροπῆς the day before.., Arist.Pol. 1316a16; προτέρᾳ εἰδυῶν Ὀκτωμβρίων IG7.2225.14
(Thisbe, Senatus Consultum, ii B.C.); τῷ π. ἔτει Παναθηναίων τῶν μεγάλων ib.22.212.27; τῷ π. ἔτει τῆς ἥττης Plb.2.43.6
: folld. by ἤ, τῷ προτέρῳ ἔτεϊ ἢ τὸν κρητῆρα [ἐληΐσαντο] Hdt.3.47.

III of Rank, Worth, and generally of Precedence, superior, τῷ γένει, τῇ δυνάμει, Is.1.17, D.3.15; π. τινὸς πρός τι superior to him in.., Pl.La. 183b; π. τι ἄγειν, π. ποιήσασθαι τὰ σὰ πράγματα, Lib.Or.58.36,52.1.

IV after Hom., neut. πρότερον freq. as Adv., before, earlier, Pi.O.13.31, Hdt.4.45, IG12.374.265, etc.; ὀλίγον π. Pl.Prt. 317e: c. gen., π. φήμης A.Th. 866
(anap.); ὀλίγῳ τι π. τούτων Hdt.8.95
; πολλοῖσι ἔτεσι π. τούτων ib.96; ἐνιαυτῷ π. τῆς ἁλώσεως D.9.60
; also πρὸ τῶν Περσικῶν δέκα ἔτεσι π. Pl.Lg. 642d, cf. Criti. 112a; τούτου π. Paus.1.1.2: most freq. folld. by ἤ, π. ἢ κατὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν Pl.Sph. 264b
; also μὴ π. ἀπαναστῆναι ἢ ἐξέλωσι Hdt.9.87
, cf. 7.54, Antipho 2.1.2, Th.7.63, etc.: with inf., π. ἢ βασιλεῦσαι Hdt.7.2
, cf. Th.1.69, etc.: folld. by πρίν, Hdt.1.82; by πρὶν ἄν, ib. 140; by πρὶν ἤ with vb. in Indic., Id.6.45, 8.8, or Subj., 7.8.β (v.l. πρὶν ἂν ἢ), 9.93; also οὐ π. εἰ μὴ.. Plu.Lys.10
, etc.; οὐ π. ἕως.. , or ἕως ἂν.., Lys.12.71, Ath.14.640c; μὴ π., ἀλλ' ὅταν.. Plb.9.13.3
: also used with the Art., τὸ π. Pl.R. 522a, X.An.4.4.14, etc. ( τὸ π., also, for the first time, Ep. Gal.4.13): c. gen., τὸ π. τῶν ἀνδρῶν τούτων Hdt.2.144
: the Adv. is freq. put between Art. and Subst., ὁ π. βασιλεύς Id.1.84
; τὰ π. ἀδικήματα Id.6.87
; αἱ π. ἁμαρτίαι Ar.Eq. 1355
, etc.

B [comp] Sup. [full] πρῶτος, η, ον, [dialect] Dor. [full] πρᾶτος (q.v.):

I as Adj.,

1 of Place, foremost, πρώτοισιν ἐνὶ προμάχοισι μιγέντα Od.18.379
; ἐν πρώτοις, μετὰ πρώτοισι alone, Il.19.424, 11.64; πρώτῃ ἐν ὑσμίνῃ, ἐνὶ πρώτῳ ὁμάδῳ, 15.340, 17.380; τῆς πρώτης τάττειν (sc. τάξεως) Isoc. 12.180, cf. Lys.16.15, etc.; ἐν π. ῥυμῷ at the front or end of the pole, Il.6.40, 16.371; πρώτῃσι θύρῃσιν at the outermost doors, 22.66; π. ξύλον the front bench, Ar.Ach.25, Poll.4.121, etc.; οἱ π. πόδες, like πρόσθιοι, Id.1.193.

2 of Time, στάντα πρὸς π. ἕω looking towards first dawn, S.OC 477; περὶ π. νύκτα Poll.1.70
.

3 of Order, serving as ordinal to εἷς, ἄεθλα θῆκε.. τῷ πρώτῳ· ἀτὰρ αὖ τῷ δευτέρῳ.., αὐτὰρ τῷ τριτάτῳ.., κτλ., Il.23.265, cf. 6.179; opp. ὕστατος, 2.281, 5.703, etc.; opp. τελευταῖος, A.Ag. 314; opp. τανύστατος, Od. 9.449; πρῶτοι πάντων ἀνθρώπων Hdt.2.2
; τὰ π. τῶν ὀνομάτων Pl.Cra. 421d
; τῇ π. τῶν ἡμερέων Hdt.7.168
, etc.; π. ἄξων IG12.115.10
; ἐπὶ τοῦ π. [ἱερείου] first-offered, X.An.4.3.9; ἐν τοῖς π. λόγοις in the earlier books, Arist.Ph. 263a11, al.; ἐν πρώτοις among the first, Is.7.40; hence, above all, especially, Hdt.8.69, Pl.R. 522c; in [dialect] Att., ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι (v. ὁ, ἡ, τό A.
VIII. 6):—freq. used predicatively of being the first to do something, Νέστωρ πρῶτος κτύπον ἄϊε Il.10.532
; πρῶτος ἀνατέλλει Eratosth.Cal.42
; εἴθε π. σοι ἐνέτυχον Luc.Tyr.21
.

b Philos., first in order of existence, primary, αἱ π. οὐσίαι Arist.Cat. 2b26
, cf. Metaph. 1032b2; π. ὕλη, π. φιλοσοφία, ib. 1015a7, 1061b19; primitive, simple, οἰκία π., ἡ π. πόλις, Id.Pol. 1252b10, 1291a17; ἡ π. κοινωνία ib. 1257a19; ἡ π. ὀλιγαρχία ib. 1293a14; ὁ π. συλλογισμός normal, typical, Id.Rh. 1357a17; τὰ π. σώματα, μόρια,= τὰ ὁμοιομερῆ, Gal.5.673,674; πρῶτα κατὰ φύσιν, e.g. health, perception, Stoic.3.34; τὰ π. πάθη ib.92; αἱ π. ἀρεταί ib.64.

c Math., πρῶτοι ἀριθμοί prime numbers, Euc.7 Def.11,12; but also, first numbers (= 1 to 100,000,000) in the notation of Archim., Aren.3.2.

d πρῶτος is sts. used where we should expect πρότερος, Αἰνείας δὲ πρῶτος ἀκόντισεν Il.13.502
, cf. 18.92: in late Greek folld. by gen., πρῶτός μου ἦν Ev.Jo.1.15
,30, cf. 15.18; οἱ πρῶτοί μου ταῦτα ἀνιχνεύσαντες Ael.NA 8.12
; πρώτη εὕρηται ἡ περὶ τοὺς πόδας κίνησις τῆς διὰ τῶν χειρῶν Ath. 14.630c
; γεννήτορα πρῶτον μητέρος εἰς ἀΐδην πέμψει Man.1.329
, 4.404; ἀλόχου πρῶτος before his wife, IG12(5).590.5 (vi (?) A.D.).

4 of Rank or Dignity, μετὰ πρώτοισιν among the first men of the state, Od.6.60, etc.; νομίσαντες πρῶτοι ἂν εἶναι Th.6.28
; διαβάλλειν τοὺς π. X.An.2.6.26, cf. Arist.Pol. 1266a18; αἱ π. πόλεις Th. 2.8
; ὁ π. ἄρχων IG12(3).481.10
([place name] Thera), CIG 2837 ([place name] Aphrodisias); ὁ π. τῆς πόλεως, as a title, IG12(5).292.2 ([place name] Paros); ὁ π. τῆς νήσου Act.Ap.28.7
; τῶν π. φίλων, title at the Ptolemaic court, PTeb.31.15 (ii B.C.), etc.; τῶν π., as military title, PHib.1.110.72 (iii B.C.), PPetr.3p.23 (iii B.C.), PTeb. 815 Fr.4.23,al.(iii B.C.): c. gen., ἐν πρώτοισι Μυκηναίων Il.15.643
; οἱ π. στρατοῦ S.Ph. 1305
, cf. E.Hec. 304, etc.: c. dat. modi, ἀρετῇ π., οἱ π. καὶ χρήμασι καὶ γένει, πλούτῳ π. τῶν Ἑλλήνων, etc., S.Ph. 1425, Th.3.65, Isoc.16.31, etc.; π. ἐν συμφοραῖς βίου S.OT33
.

5 of Degree, first, highest, μοῖρα Id.OC 145
(anap.), etc.

II as Subst. in neut. pl. πρῶτα, τά,

1 (sc. ἆθλα), first prize, τὰ π. λαβών Il.23.275
; τὰ π. δόρει κρατύνων S.OC 1313
; ἔχειν πρῶτα κυναγεσίας AP6.118
(Antip.); τὰ π. φέρεσθαι D.C.42.57
, etc.

2 first part, beginning, τῆς Ἰλιάδος τὰ π. Pl.R. 392e; ἐν τοῖς π. Id.Smp. 221d; τὸ π. τοῦ ᾄσματος Id.Prt. 343c
.

3 first, highest, in degree, τὰ π. τᾶς λιμῶ ([dialect] Dor. ) the extremities of famine, Ar.Ach. 743 (nisi leg. ἄπρατα) ; ἐχέτωσαν τὰ π. τῆς εὐδαιμονίας Luc.Cont.10
; ἐς τὰ π. τιμᾶσθαι Th.3.39
, cf. 56; φρενῶν ἐς τὰ ἐμεωυτοῦ π. οὔκω ἀνήκω I have not yet come to the highest development of my judgment, Hdt.7.13, cf. D.C.38.22; of persons, ἐὼν τῶν Ἐρετριέων τὰ π. Hdt. 6.100; Λάμπων.. Αἰγινητέων < ἐὼν> τὰ π. Id.9.78, cf. E.Med. 917; ἐστὶν τὰ π. τῆς ἐκεῖ μοχθηρίας (of a person) Ar.Ra. 421.

4 Philos., primary things, elements, Emp.38.1, Arist.GC 335a29; τὰ π. αἴτια Id.Mete. 338a20
; also τὸ π. ἐνυπάρχον ἑκάστῳ Id.Ph. 193a10
.

5 in Logic, the first undemonstrable propositions, on which all future conclusions rest, Id.Top. 100b18; τὰ π. ἀναπόδεικτα Id.APo. 71b26
.

III in Adverbial phrases,

1 τὴν πρώτην (sc. ὥραν, ὁδόν) first, for the present, just now, Hdt.3.134, Ar. Th. 662, D.3.2, Arist.Metaph. 1038a35, etc.; τὴν πρώτην εἶναι Hdt.1.153
.

2 with Preps., ἀπὸ πρώτης (sc. ἀρχῆς) Antipho 5.56, Th.1.77; ἀπὸ τῆς π. εὐθύς Luc.Hist.Conscr.1
; ἐκ π. Babr.45.14; κατὰ πρώτας Pl.Plt. 292b
, D.C.52.19; κατὰ τὴν π. εὐθύς Id.62.3
; παρὰ τὴν π. the first time, opp. ἐπὶ τῆς δευτέρας, Philostr.VA 1.22.

3 freq. as Adv. in neut. sg. and pl., πρῶτον, πρῶτα,

a first, in the first place, πρῶτόν τε καὶ ὕστατον (vulg. ὕστερον) Hes.Th. 34; π. μὲν.., δεύτερον αὖ.., τὸ τρίτον αὖ.. Il.6.179
; τί π. τοι ἔπειτα, τί δ' ὑστάτιον καταλέξω; Od.9.14; Κύπριδα μὲν πρῶτα.., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτ'.. Il.5.458
; οὐρῆας μὲν π. ἐπῴχετο.., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα.. 1.50
; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα δὲ.. S.OC 632
, X.Cyr.2.1.2,23, An.5.6.7-8, Hier.11.8, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα.. Pl.Phd. 89a
, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔπειτα δεύτερον.., τρίτον δὲ.. Aeschin.1.7
; π. μὲν.., εἶτα.. Pl.Phlb. 15b
; π. μὲν.., εἶτα δὲ.. X. An.1.2.16
; π. μὲν.., εἶτα.., ἔτι δὲ.. Id.Mem.1.2.1
; π. μὲν..,.. δὲ αὖ.. Pl.Lg. 935a
; π. μὲν.., ἔτι δὲ.. Lys.4.10
, etc.; π. μὲν.., ἔτι τοίνυν.. D.44.57
; freq. answered only by δέ, Id.9.48, etc.; sts. the answering clause must be supplied, A.Ag. 810, D.7.7, etc.: also πρῶτον μὲν.. δεύτερον μήν.. Pl.Phlb. 66a
: also πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα.. S.Tr. 616
, Ar.Pl. 728; πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα.., εἶτα.. E.Med. 548
; πρῶτα μὲν..,.. δὲ.. A.Pr. 447
; πρῶτα μὲν.., ἔπειτα δὲ.. X HG7.1.7, cf. S. Ph. 919; ἐπεί σε πρῶτα κιχάνω since my first meeting is with you, Od. 13.228, cf. 7.53, Il.8.274: also τὸ πρῶτον, first, in the first place, at the beginning, ὡς τὸ π. ὑπέστην καὶ κατένευσα 4.267
; οὕνεκά σ' οὐ τὸ π., ἐπεὶ ἴδον, ὧδ' ἀγάπησα Od.23.214
. cf. Il.3.443, 6.345, Pi.P.9.41, N.3.49; τὸ μὲν οὖν π. Pl.Prt. 333d, etc.; τὸ π..., μετὰ ταῦτα..

D 1.12: also τὰ π., Il.1.6, Od.1.257, etc.; πόντῳ μὲν τὰ π..., αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα.. Il.4.424
; τὰ π. μὲν.., ὡς δὲ.. A.Pers. 412
; τὰ π..., τέλος δὲ.. S.Fr.149.5
, cf. 966.

b too early, before the time, ἦ τ' ἄρα καὶ σοὶ πρῶτα (v.l. for πρωΐ) παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλε Μοῖρ' ὀλοή Od.24.28
.

c = πρότερον, before, ἢν.. πρῶτον ἀπόλωμαι κακῶς Ar.Ec. 1079
; π. οὐδ' ὑφ' ἑνὸς.. κρατηθέντες X.HG5.4.1
; θάλασσα π. ἦν ἢ γενέσθαι γῆν v.l. in Heraclit.31; λόγῳ π. ἢ τοῖς ἔργοις Arist.Rh.Al. 1420b28
; οὐ π. αὐτὴν ἀπέκτειναν πρὶν ἢ ἀπεκύησεν Ael.VH5.18
; π. συμμελετᾶν ἢ μελετᾶν μαθέτω AP12.206
(Strat.).

d first, for the first time, οὐ.. νῦν πρῶτα ποδώκεος ἄντ' Ἀχιλῆος στήσομαι Il.20.89
; οὐ νῦν πρῶτον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάλαι S.Ph. 966
; ἐνταῦθα πρῶτον ἔφαγον X.An.2.3.16
.

e πρῶτον, πρῶτα are used after the relat. Pron. and after relat.Advbs., like Engl. once (= at all), οὐδ' ἐνοσίχθων λήθετ' ἀπειλάων, τὰς.. Ὀδυσῆϊ π. ἐπηπείλησε Od.13.127
, cf. 3.320, 10.328, 13.133, Il. 1.319, 19.136; μοῖραν δ' οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν.. ἐπὴν τὰ π. γένηται when once he is born, 6.489, cf. Od.3.183, 4.13, 414; οὔτε.. Λυκίους ἐδύναντο τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι, ἐπεὶ τὰ π. πέλασθεν Il.12.420
, cf. Od.11.106, 221; also ἐπεὶ τὸ (or τὰ) π. now that.., ἀλλ' ἐπεὶ οὖν τὸ π. ἀνέκραγον, οὐκ ἐπικεύσω now that I have spoken up, 14.467; τὸ μὲν οὔ ποτε φύλλα καὶ ὄζους φύσει, ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπε Il.1.235
, cf. 276, 19.9: c. part., τῷ ῥ' Αἴας τὸ π. ἐφεζόμενος μέγ' ἀάσθη (the rock) on which once seated

A blasphemed, Od.4.509: the sense as soon as is never necessary in Hom., but is possible in Od.4.414, 19.355; δινέμεν εὖτ' ἂν πρῶτα φανῇ σθένος Ὠαρίωνος when once (or perh., as soon as), Hes.Op. 598; ὅπως τις πρῶτα γένοιτο πάντας ἀποκρύπτεσκε as soon as each was born, Id.Th. 156; ὡς τὸ π. X.An.7.8.14; τότ' εὐθὺς.., ὅτε πρῶτον εἶδον D.18.141
; αὖθίς με ἀνερέσθαι ὅταν ἐντύχῃς πρῶτον the first time you meet me, Pl.Ly. 211b; ἐὰν μάθω γε πρῶτον.. τί λέγεις Id.R. 338c
.

IV Adv. πρώτως primarily, first in Arist., π. καὶ κυρίως EN 1157a30
; opp. δευτέρως, ib. 1158b31; π. καθ' αὑτό, opp. κατὰ συμβεβηκός, Id.Ph. 192b22, cf. Gal.1.692, al., Jul.Or.5.168b.

2 ὅτε π. ἐπεδήμησεν.. when he first visited.., BSA27.228 (Sparta, ii A.D.).—(From πρῶτος was formed a new [comp] Sup. πρώτιστος, q.v.)

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πρότερος
7 جندي

جُنْدِيّ \ soldier: a member of an army. warrior: (old use), a soldier. \ جُنْدِيّ (في الجيش)‏ \ man: members of the armed forces who are not officers: 5 officers and 17 men were wounded. \ See Also نفر (نَفَر)‏ \ جُنْدِي بَحْرِيّ \ marine: a soldier who serves on a warship. \ جُنْدِيّ صَليبيّ \ crusader: one who takes part in a crusade. \ جُنْدِيّ طَليعة \ scout: a soldier who goes in front of an army to find out about the enemy: Our scouts reported that the bridge was heavily guarded. \ See Also كشاف (كَشَّاف)‏ \ جُنْدِيّ عادي \ private: a soldier of the lowest rank: He joined the army as a private (soldier). \ جُنْدِيّ في السِّلاَح الجَوِّيّ \ airman: any member of an air force. \ جُنْدِيّ مُرْتَزِق \ mercenary: a soldier who fights for a country or group that pays him, not for his own country. \ جُنْدِيّ مُسَرَّح \ ex-serviceman: one who used to be in the army, navy or air force. \ جُنْدِيّ مِظَلِّيّ \ paratrooper: a soldier who is dropped by parachute. \ جُنْدِيّ نِظاميّ \ regular soldier: sb. who is always a soldier, not only in wartime. \ See Also مُحْتَرِف \ الجُنُود العاديّون \ rank: (pl. with the) soldiers who are not officers: He rose from the ranks (He became an officer after serving as a common soldier).

Arabic-English dictionary > جندي
8 place

place [plas]

feminine noun

   a. ( = esplanade) square

• la place du marché the market square

• porter le débat sur la place publique to bring the discussion into the public arena

   b. ( = emplacement) place ; (assise) seat

• changer qch de place to move sth

• ça n'a pas changé de place it hasn't moved

• changer de place avec qn to change places with sb

• laisser sa place à qn to give up one's seat to sb ; (figurative) to hand over to sb

• prenez place take a seat

• prendre la place de qn to take sb's place ; ( = remplacer qn) to take over from sb

• trouver place parmi to find a place among

• place d'honneur place of honour

• places assises 20, places debout 40 seating capacity 20, standing passengers 40

• une tente à 4 places a tent that sleeps 4

• elle tient une grande place dans ma vie she means a great deal to me

   c. ( = espace) room ; ( = emplacement réservé) space

• prendre de la place to take up a lot of room

• faire de la place to make room

• gagner de la place to save space

• place de parking parking space

• j'ai trouvé de la place pour me garer I've found a parking place

• j'ai trois places dans ma voiture I've room for three in my car

• place aux jeunes ! make way for the younger generation!

• faire place nette to make a clean sweep

   d. ( = billet) seat ; ( = prix, trajet) fare

• réserver sa place to book one's seat

• il n'a pas payé sa place he hasn't paid for his seat

• payer place entière (au cinéma) to pay full price ; (dans le bus) to pay full fare

   e. ( = rang) il a eu une place de premier en histoire he was first in history

• l'entreprise occupe la seconde place sur le marché des ordinateurs the company ranks second in the computer market

• figurer en bonne place [personne] to be prominent

   f. ( = emploi) job ; [de domestique] position

• une place de serveuse a job as a waitress

• dans les médias, les places sont chères there's a lot of competition for jobs in the media

   g. (Military) place forte fortified town

• place d'armes parade ground

• s'introduire dans la place to get contacts on the inside

   h. (Finance) place boursière stock market

   i. (locutions)

► à la place ( = en échange) instead

► à la place de ( = au lieu de) instead of

• se mettre à la place de qn to put o.s. in sb's shoes► à sa etc place ( = à l'endroit habituel)

cette lampe n'est pas à sa place this lamp isn't in the right place

• remettre qch à sa place to put sth back where it belongs

• remettre qn à sa place to put sb in his place

• j'y suis allé à sa place I went instead of him

• je n'aimerais pas être à sa place I wouldn't like to be him

• à ma place, tu aurais accepté ? if you were me, would you have agreed?

• à votre place if I were you► en place

• il ne tient pas en place he's always fidgeting

• les gens en place influential people

• le pouvoir en place (maintenant) the current government ; (à l'époque) the government at the time

• être en place [plan] to be ready

• tout le monde est en place everyone is seated

• en place pour la photo ! everybody take up your positions for the photograph!

• mettre en place [+ service d'ordre] to deploy ; [+ mécanisme, dispositif] to install

• mise en place [de projet] setting up► sur place on the spot

• être sur place to be there

• se rendre sur place to go there

• les sauveteurs sont déjà sur place rescuers are already at the scene

• la situation sur place the situation on the ground

• vous trouverez des brochures sur place leaflets are available on site

• (à consommer) sur place ou à emporter ? sit in or take away?

* * *
plas
nom féminin

1) ( espace) room, space

laisser de la place — to leave enough space

2) (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seat

les dictionnaires ne sont pas à leur place — the dictionaries aren't where they should be

deux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ — two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’

la place d'un mot dans une phrase — the position of a word in a sentence

il faut savoir rester à sa place — you must know your place

tenir une grande place dans la vie de quelqu'un — to play a large part in somebody's life

faire une large place à quelque chose — to put a lot of emphasis on something

notre travail laisse peu de place à l'imagination — our work leaves little room for the imagination

faire place à — to give way to

place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! — lit, fig make way for the young!

il reste une place en première — there's one seat left in first class

une salle de 200 places — a 200 seat auditorium

payer sa place — (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; ( dans un train etc) to pay one's fare

les places sont chères — fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by

prenez place — ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places

sur place — [aller] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [étudier] on the spot; [enquête] on-the-spot

on se retrouve sur place — we'll meet up there

ouvrage à consulter sur place — reference book

laisser quelqu'un sur place — to leave somebody standing

de place en place — here and there

divan à trois places — three-seater sofa

un parking de 500 places — a car park for 500 cars

3) ( dans un classement) place; ( dans un ordre) position

il est dans les premières places — he's up toward(s) the top

4) ( substitution)

à la place de — instead of, in place of

il a mis de la vodka à la place du cognac — he's used vodka instead of brandy

qu'aurais-tu fait à ma place? — what would you have done in my place?

(si j'étais) à ta place — if I were in your position ou shoes

je ne peux pas le faire à ta place! — I can't do it for you!

j'ai mis le vase à la place du cendrier — I put the vase where the ashtray was

5) ( situation définie)

en place — [système, structures] in place (après n); [troupes] in position (après n); [dirigeant, parti] ruling (épith)

les gens en place — the powers that be

ne plus tenir en place — to be restless ou fidgety

mettre en place — to put [something] in place [programme]; to put [something] in position [équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique]

6) ( dans une agglomération) square

la place du village — the village square

la place du marché — the marketplace

7) Finance market

place financière — financial market

8) ( emploi) job

perdre sa place — to lose one's job

9) ( forteresse)

être dans la place — to be on the inside

être maître de la place — lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost

avoir un pied dans la place — fig to have a foot in the door

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- place d'armes

- place assise

- place forte

- place d'honneur

* * *
plas nf
1) [ville, village] square

la place du village — the village square

2) [train, cinéma, voiture] seat

Toutes les places ont été vendues. — All the seats have been sold.

Il n'a pas payé sa place. — He didn't pay for his ticket.

place assise — seat

Il y a vingt places assises. — There are 20 seats.

Il y a 20 places debout. — There is standing room for 20.

une quatre places AUTOMOBILES — a four-seater

3) (= endroit où l'on est assis) seat

la place d'honneur — the place of honour Grande-Bretagne the place of honor USA the seat of honour Grande-Bretagne the seat of honor USA

regagner sa place — to go back to one's seat

4) (= emplacement) place

une place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place — a place for everything and everything in its place

5) (espace libre) room, space

ça prend de la place — it takes up a lot of room, it takes up a lot of space

faire de la place à — to make room for, to make space for

6) (place de stationnement) parking place

trouver une place — to find a parking place

Il ne reste plus de place pour se garer. — There's nowhere left to park.

7) (dans un classement) place

Vincent a eu la troisième place au concours. — Vincent got third place in the competition.

8) (= emploi) job

9) (autres locutions)

à la place de — instead of, in place of

à la place — instead

Il ne reste plus de tarte; désirez-vous quelque chose d'autre à la place? — There's no tart left; would you like something else instead?

remettre qn à sa place — to put sb in their place

remettre qch en place — to put sth back in its place

ne pas tenir en place — to be always on the go

de place en place — here and there, in places

par places — here and there, in places

sur place — on the spot

See:

surplace

faire place à — to give way to

prendre place — to take one's place

* * *

place nf

1 ( espace) room, space; avoir de la place to have room ou space (pour faire to do); il y a encore assez de place pour deux personnes/valises there's enough room ou space left for two people/suitcases; avoir la place de faire to have enough room ou space to do; prendre de la place to take up room ou space; (faire) perdre/gagner de la place to waste/to save space; faire de la place to make room ou space (à qn/qch for sb/sth; pour faire to do); se faire de la place to make room ou space for oneself; laisser de la place (pour une personne, un meuble) to leave enough room ou space; ( pour un écrit) to leave enough space; laisse-moi un peu de place pour leur écrire un mot leave me a bit of space to write them a few lines;

2 (emplacement, espace défini) gén place; ( pour s'asseoir) seat; chaque chose à sa place everything in its place; il est resté une heure à la même place he stayed in the same place for an hour; remettre qch à sa place to put sth back in its place; les dictionnaires ne sont pas à la bonne/à leur place the dictionaries aren't in the right place/where they should be; j'ai deux places pour ‘Le Lac des Cygnes’ I've got two tickets for ‘Swan Lake’; il reste une place en première there's one seat left in first class; laisse ta place à la dame! give the lady your seat!; est-ce que cette place est libre? is this seat free?; une salle de 200 places a 200 seat auditorium; j'ai eu une place gratuite I got a free seat; garde-moi ma place ( dans une file) keep my place; (dans un train, au cinéma) keep my seat; garde-moi une place (dans le train, au cinéma) keep me a seat; payer sa place (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay for one's ticket; Transp to pay one's fare; payer place entière (au cinéma, théâtre) to pay full price; Transp to pay full fare; les places sont chères fig ( parking difficile) parking spaces are hard to find; ( âpre concurrence dans l'emploi) jobs are hard to come by; prenez place ( sur un siège) take a seat; ( chacun à son siège) take your seats; ( chacun à son poste) take your places; prendre place ( s'asseoir) to take a seat; ( s'installer) [exposant, stand] to set up; [tireur, policier] to position oneself; ( s'intégrer) to take one's place; roman qui a pris place parmi les plus grands novel that has taken its place among the greatest; sur place [aller, envoyer, se rendre] to the scene; [arriver] on the scene; [être, trouver, sautiller, étudier] on the spot; [enquête, recherche, tournage] on-the-spot ( épith); de place en place here and there; voiture de quatre places four-seater car; divan à trois places three-seater sofa; ⇒ chasse;

3 ( emplacement pour se garer) parking place; appartement avec place de parking apartment with parking space; je n'ai pas trouvé de place pour or où me garer I couldn't find a parking space ou a place to park; un parking de 500 places a car park for 500 cars;

4 (rang dans un classement, la société) place; ( position dans un ordre) position; prendre la place de qn to take sb's place; prendre or obtenir la deuxième place to take second place (à in); il est dans les premières/dernières places he's up toward(s) the top/down toward(s) the bottom; la place d'un mot dans une phrase the position of a word in a sentence; se faire une place dans le monde de la finance to carve out a place for oneself in the world of finance; être en bonne place pour gagner/réussir to be well-placed ou in a good position to win/succeed; il occupe une place éminente he holds a very high position (à, dans in); chacun (à) sa place everyone should know his place; il faut savoir rester à sa place you must know your place; il n'est pas à sa place dans cette réception he looks out of place at this reception; je ne me sens pas à ma place dans ce milieu I feel out of place in this environment; remettre qn à sa place to put sb in his/her place; quelle place faire à l'art? what place can be afforded to art?; avoir sa place dans to deserve a place in; il n'y a pas de place pour eux dans notre système there is no place for them in our system; avoir une place à part or de choix dans to have a special place in; tenir une grande place/une place très importante dans la vie de qn to play a large part/a very important part in sb's life; donner or consacrer or faire une large place à qch to put a lot of emphasis on sth; la place croissante de l'environnement en politique the growing emphasis on the environment in politics; notre travail laisse peu de place à l'imagination our work leaves little room for the imagination; faire place à to give way to; place aux jeunes or à la jeunesse! lit, fig make way for the young!;

5 ( substitution) à la place de instead of, in place of; il a mis de la vodka à la place du cognac he's used vodka instead of brandy; il y a maintenant un comité à la place de l'ancien directeur there's now a committee in place of the former manager; ils sont partis/ont été récompensés à notre place they went/were rewarded instead of us; qu'aurais-tu fait à ma place? what would you have done in my place?; (si j'étais) à ta place if I were in your position ou shoes; mets-toi à leur place put yourself in their position ou shoes; téléphone-lui toi-même, je ne peux pas le faire à ta place! phone him yourself, I can't do it for you!; j'ai mis le vase à la place du cendrier I put the vase where the ashtray was; construire une école à la place de la gare ( où était la gare) to build a school where the station used to be; ( où était prévue la gare) to build a school where the station should have been; ( au lieu de) to build a school instead of a station;

6 ( situation définie) en place [système, structures] in place ( après n); [troupes] in position ( après n); [dirigeant, pouvoir, régime, parti] ruling ( épith); les gens en place the powers that be; nos hommes sont en place our men are in position; ne plus tenir en place to be restless ou fidgety; les enfants ne tiennent plus en place the children keep fidgeting; mettre en place to put [sth] in place [grillage, programme, règlement, stratégie]; to put [sth] in ou into position [satellite, troupes, équipe]; to establish, to set up [réseau, marché, régime, institution]; to install [ligne téléphonique, canalisations]; se mettre en place [plan, politique, système, structure] to be put in place; [forces, troupes, police] ( être mis en position) to be put in ou into position; ( soi-même) to position oneself; [réseau, marché, régime] to be established, to be set up; mise en place (de grillage, système, normes, services) putting in place; (de satellite, forces, d'équipe) positioning; (de réseau, marché, régime, d'institution) establishment, setting up; (de ligne téléphonique, canalisation) installation^GB; remettre en place to put [sth] back in place; on se retrouve sur place we'll meet up there; je suis sur place, je peux le faire I'm on the spot, I can do it; dépannage/inscriptions sur place on-the-spot repairs/registration; ouvrage à consulter sur place reference book; laisser qn sur place to leave sb standing;

7 ( dans une agglomération) square; la place du village the village square; sur la place Tiananmen/Rouge in Tiananmen/Red Square; la place de la Concorde the Place de la Concorde; la place du marché the marketplace;

8 Fin market; place financière financial market; sur la place parisienne or de Paris on the Paris market;

9 ( emploi) job; avoir une bonne place chez to have a good job with; perdre sa place to lose one's job; c'est une place très recherchée or demandée it's a highly sought-after job ou position; il y a des places à prendre there are good job opportunities;

10 ( forteresse) entrer dans la place to get in on the inside; être dans la place to be on the inside; être maître de la place lit to be in control; fig to rule the roost; se rendre maître de la place to take control; avoir un pied dans la place fig to have a foot in the door.

Composés

place d'armes Mil parade ground; place assise seat; place forte Mil fortified town; place d'honneur ( à table) place ou seat of honour^GB; la place publique the public; intéresser la place publique to interest the public; sur la place publique [célébrer, apprendre, entendre] in public; mettre or porter or étaler qch sur la place publique to bring sth out in the open [[information, projet].

Idiomes

je ne lâcherais or donnerais pas ma place pour un empire I wouldn't change places for the world ou for all the tea in China; une place pour chaque chose et chaque chose à sa place Prov a place for everything and everything in its place.

[plas] nom féminin

1. [espace disponible] space (substantif non comptable), room (substantif non comptable)

faire de la place to make room ou space

faites-lui une petite place give her a bit of room

il reste de la place pour quatre personnes there's enough space ou room left for four people

prendre de la place to take up a lot of space ou room

ne prends pas toute la place

a. [à table, au lit] don't take up so much room

b. [sur la page] don't use up all the space

laisser la ou faire place à to make room ou way for

la machine à écrire a fait place au traitement de texte wordprocessors have taken over from ou superseded typewriters

ce travail ne laisse aucune place à la créativité there's no place ou room for creativity in this kind of work

les anciens font place aux jeunes older people give way to the young generation

la musique tient une grande place dans ma vie music is very important in ou is an important part of my life

place au sol [d'un ordinateur, d'une voiture] footprint

faire place nette

a. (sens propre) to tidy up

b. (figuré) to clear up, to make a clean sweep

2. [endroit précis] place, spot

changer les meubles/la cuisinière de place to move the furniture around/the stove

mets/remets les clefs à leur place put the keys/put the keys back where they belong

est-ce que tout est à sa place? is everything in order ou in its proper place?

[d'une personne]

savoir rester à sa place to know one's place

je ne me sens pas à ma place parmi eux I feel out of place among them

ta place n'est pas ici you're out of place here

tu auras toujours une place dans mon cœur there'll always be a place in my heart for you

reprendre sa place

a. [sa position] to go back to one's place

b. [son rôle] to go back to where one belongs

notre collègue ne pourra pas reprendre sa place parmi nous our colleague is unable to resume his post with us

pour rien au monde je ne donnerais ma place I wouldn't swop places for anything in the world

remettre quelqu'un à sa place to put somebody in his/her place

se faire une place au soleil to make a success of things, to find one's place in the sun

3. [siège] seat

[fauteuil au spectacle] seat

[billet] ticket

avoir la place d'honneur

a. [sur l'estrade] to sit at the centre of the stage

b. [à table] to sit at the top ou head of the table

à la place du conducteur in the driver's seat

une voiture à deux places a two-seater (car)

une caravane à quatre places a caravan that sleeps four

une salle de 500 places a room that can seat 500 people

réserver une place d'avion/de train to make a plane/train reservation

payer place entière to pay full price

j'ai trois places de concert I have three tickets for the concert

ça vous ennuierait de changer de place? would you mind swapping ou changing places?

place assise seat

il ne reste plus que des places debout it's now standing room only

à la place du mort in the (front) passenger seat

dans le monde du spectacle, les places sont chères it's difficult to gain a foothold in show business

la place est toute chaude (sens propre & figuré) the seat's still warm

4. [dans un parking] (parking) space

un parking de 1 000 places a car park with space for 1,000 cars

5. [espace urbain] square

la place du village the village square

sur la place de Paris: le plus cher sur la place de Paris the most expensive in Paris

sur la place publique in public

porter le débat sur la place publique to make the debate public

6. [poste, emploi] position, post

une bonne place a good job

je cherche une place de secrétaire I'm looking for a job as a secretary

7. [rang - dans une compétition] place, rank

avoir la première place to come first ou top

avoir la dernière place to come bottom (UK) ou last

elle est en bonne place au dernier tour she's well placed on the last lap

être ou partir en bonne place pour gagner to be (all) set to win

8. BOURSE

place financière financial centre

place financière internationale money market

le dollar est à la hausse sur la place financière de New York the dollar has risen on the New York exchange

9. MILITAIRE

place (forte) fortress, stronghold

nous voici dans la place

a. (sens propre) [ville assiégée] here we are, inside the walls (of the city)

b. [endroit quelconque] here we are

c. (figuré) we've now gained a foothold

10. (Belgique) [pièce d'habitation] room

————————

à la place locution adverbiale

instead

on ira en Espagne à la place we'll go to Spain instead

j'ai rapporté la jupe et j'ai pris un pantalon à la place I returned the skirt and exchanged it for a pair of trousers

————————

à la place de locution prépositionnelle

1. [au lieu de] instead of

j'irai à sa place I'll go instead of him

2. [dans la situation de]

à ma/sa place in my/his place

à ta place, j'irais if I were you I'd go

mettez-vous à ma place put yourself in my place ou shoes

je ne voudrais pas être à sa place rather him than me, I wouldn't like to be in his shoes

de place en place locution adverbiale

here and there

————————

en place locution adjectivale

[important] established

un homme politique en place a well-established politician

les gens en place disent que... the powers that be say that...

————————

en place locution adverbiale

1. [là] in position

les forces de police sont déjà en place the police have already taken up their position

est-ce que tout est en place? is everything in order ou in its proper place?

2. (locution)

mettre en place

a. [équipement] to set up (separable) , to install

b. [plan] to set up (separable) , to put into action

c. [réseau] to set up (separable)

la méthode sera mise en place progressivement the method will be phased in (gradually)

ça va lui mettre/remettre les idées en place it'll give him a more realistic view of things/set him thinking straight again

tenir en place: il ne tient pas en place

a. [il est turbulent] he can't keep still

b. [il est anxieux] he's nervous

c. [il voyage beaucoup] he's always on the move

————————

par places locution adverbiale

here and there

————————

sur place locution adverbiale

there, on the spot

je serai déjà sur place I'll already be there

PLACE

la place Beauvau square in Paris (also refers to the Ministry of the Interior, whose offices are situated there)

la place de la Concorde square in Paris (one of the biggest and busiest squares in Paris, laid out in the reign of Louis XV)

la place du Colonel-Fabien square in Paris (also refers to the Communist party headquarters, which are situated there)

la place de Grève former name of the Place de l'Hôtel de Ville in Paris. (The place where the unemployed gathered to wait for work, it was the origin of the expression "se mettre en grève")

la place Rouge Red Square

la place Saint-Marc Saint Mark's Square

la place Tian'anmen Tiananmen Square

la place Vendôme square in Paris (the name evokes opulence and luxury because of the Ritz hotel and the jewellery shops situated on the square)

la place des Vosges elegant and fashionable square in the Marais district of Paris, built under Henri IV

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > place
9 order

'o:də 1. noun
1) (a statement (by a person in authority) of what someone must do; a command: He gave me my orders.) ordre, befaling

2) (an instruction to supply something: orders from Germany for special gates.) bestilling, ordre

3) (something supplied: Your order is nearly ready.) bestilling, ordre

4) (a tidy state: The house is in (good) order.) orden

5) (a system or method: I must have order in my life.) orden

6) (an arrangement (of people, things etc) in space, time etc: in alphabetical order; in order of importance.) orden, (alfabetisk) rekkefølge

7) (a peaceful condition: law and order.) orden

8) (a written instruction to pay money: a banker's order.) anvisning

9) (a group, class, rank or position: This is a list of the various orders of plants; the social order.) klasse, rang, orden

10) (a religious society, especially of monks: the Benedictine order.) orden
2. verb
1) (to tell (someone) to do something (from a position of authority): He ordered me to stand up.) beordre, kommandere, befale

2) (to give an instruction to supply: I have ordered some new furniture from the shop; He ordered a steak.) bestille

3) (to put in order: Should we order these alphabetically?) ordne

•

- orderly
3. noun
1) (a hospital attendant who does routine jobs.) sykepasser; portør

2) (a soldier who carries an officer's orders and messages.) ordonnans

•

- orderliness
- order-form
- in order
- in order that
- in order
- in order to
- made to order
- on order
- order about
- out of order
- a tall order

anordning
--------
befale
--------
befaling
--------
bestilling
--------
dekret
--------
klubb
--------
laug
--------
orden
--------
ordne
--------
ordre

I
subst. \/ˈɔːdə\/

1) orden, rekkefølge, fast system

• he put the books in alphabetical order

han satte bøkene i alfabetisk rekkefølge

• the order of nature

naturens orden

• the order of things

tingenes orden

• the order of the world

den nåværende verdensorden

2) reglement, forskrift

3) orden, ordentlighet

• love of order

ordenssans

4) orden, ro

• restore public order

gjenopprette ro og orden

5) ( parlamentarisk) dagsorden, forretningsorden

6) ordre, befaling, kommando, (dommer)kjennelse (jus)

• orders are orders

(en) ordre er (en) ordre

7) ( handel) ordre, bestilling, oppdrag

8) ( handel) levering, leveranse

9) ( på restaurant) bestilling

• waiter, take my order, please!

kelner, jeg vil gjerne bestille!

10) porsjon

• two orders of ice-cream, please

jeg vil gjerne ha to (porsjoner med) is

11) ( handel eller bank) anvisning, (utbetalings)ordre, (betalings)oppdrag

• an order for payment on a bank

12) ( også religion) (samfunns)klasse, stand, orden (samfunn av munker og nonner)

• the order of baronets

• all orders and degrees of men

mennesker av alle klasser og samfunnslag

• the higher orders

samfunnets øverste klasser

13) ordenstegn, dekorasjon

14) ( kirkelig) rituale

• the order of confirmation

konfirmasjonsrituale

15) ( arkitektur) orden

16) ( biologi) orden (sammenfatning av flere nærstående familier)

17) slag, art, sort, størrelsesorden

• these are sums of quite a different order

dette er summer i en helt annen størrelsesorden

• talents of a high order

talenter av høy rang

• considerations of quite another order

hensyn av et helt annet slag

18) ( matematikk) grad, orden

• equation of the first order

førstegradsligning

19) ( militærvesen) formasjon, orden, oppstilling

• order of battle

slagorden

20) ( teater) fribillett, frikort, rabattbillett, rabattkort, adgangskort

be on order være bestilt

be under orders to ha ordre om å

be under the orders of være under kommando av

breach of order brudd på dagsordenen

by orders (of) eller by the orders

(of) etter ordre (fra), på befaling (av)

call to order ( parlamentarisk) kalle til orden åpne (et møte) be om ro

• the speaker called the meeting to order

stortingspresidenten ba om ro i salen

extended order ( militærvesen) spredt orden

get the order of the boot få sparken

in apple pie order se ➢ apple pie

in order i orden, i stand i rekkefølge, etter tur

• take them in order!

ta dem i rekkefølge!

på sin plass i henhold til reglementet

in order that for at, slik at

• I did it in order that he shouldn't worry

jeg gjorde det for at han ikke skulle bekymre seg

in order to for å, i den hensikt å

• I did it in order for you to see clearly

jeg gjorde det slik at du skal kunne se tydelig

in reverse order i omvendt rekkefølge

in short order (amer.) umiddelbart, straks

interlocutory order ( jus) prosessledende kjennelse

in the right order i riktig rekkefølge

in working order i god stand, funksjonsdyktig

keep order holde orden

keep something\/someone in order holde orden på noe\/noen

law and order se ➢ law

light marching order se ➢ marching

major\/minor orders ( romersk-katolsk) forklaring: høyere\/lavere grader innenfor kirke

obey orders eller be obedient to orders adlyde ordre

of a high order ( overført) av høy kvalitet, av høy klasse

of\/in the order of i størrelsesordenen

on a point of order se ➢ point, 1

on order ( handel) i bestilling, i ordre ( sjøfart) kontrahert (som er under bygging og i ordre)

on the order of (amer.) i størrelsesordenen i stil med, i likhet med

open order ( militærvesen) spredt orden

the Order of Bishops\/Priests\/Deacons biskopene\/prestene\/diakonene

order of columns ( arkitektur) søyleorden

order of magnitude størrelsesorden

order of the day dagsorden

• it is the order of the day

det hører til dagsordenen

order of time tidsrekkefølge

Order! Order! ( parlamentarisk) ( sagt for å påkalle stillhet når møtet har begynt) møtet er satt!, ro i salen! ( sagt fra salen) til dagsorden!

(holy) orders den geistlige stand prestevielse

orders in hand innkomne ordrer\/bestillinger

out of order ( parlamentarisk) utenfor dagsorden, ikke i henhold til dagsorden

• the member is out of order!

medlemmet holder seg ikke til saken!

( om ord eller uttrykk) upassende

• the remark is out of order

bemerkningen er upassende

brudd på reglementet

• the remark is out of order

bemerkningen strider mot reglementet

i ustand i ulage, ikke i form

place an order ( handel) plassere en ordre, bestille

put in order ordne, få orden på

• he put the books in order of size

han ordnet bøkene etter størrelse

read for (holy) orders lese til prest, studere teologi

remand order ( jus) fengslingskjennelse

reverse the order of things snu opp og ned på forholdene

rise to (a point of) order ( parlamentarisk)

forklaring: reise seg for å protestere mot reglementet

a sense of order ordenssans

take\/enter (holy) orders bli ordinert, bli prest(eviet)

• he takes holy orders next week

han blir presteviet neste uke

tre inn i den geistlige stand

take orders ta imot ordrer ta imot bestillinger

tall order ( hverdagslig) en hard jobb, en ordentlig sjau

• it's a tall order

det er en kjempejobb

urimelig krav, drøyt forlangende

• it's a tall order

det er vel mye forlangt\/det er et urimelig krav

to order ( overført) på bestilling

• he smiles to order

han smiler på kommando

(made) to order laget på bestilling skreddersydd
II
verb \/ˈɔːdə\/

1) beordre, befale, gi ordre om, kommandere

• he was ordered out of the room

han fikk beskjed om å forlate rommet, han ble beordret ut av rommet

• the regiment was ordered to the front

regimentet ble utkommandert til fronten

• order a retreat

gi ordre om retrett

2) bestille, rekvirere

• order a taxi

bestille en drosje

• order five copies of a book

bestille fem eksemplarer av en bok

• what have you ordered for dinner?

hva har du bestilt til middag?

3) ( medisin) ordinere, foreskrive

• he ordered his patient to stay in bed

han bad pasienten om å holde sengen

4) ( jus) dømme

• he was ordered to pay costs

han ble dømt til å betale saksomkostninger

5) ordne, innrette

order a player off (the field) ( sport) utvise en spiller (fra banen)

order arms! se ➢ arms

be ordered to pay bli forpliktet til å betale

order somebody about ( overført) kommandere noen, sende noen hit og dit, beordre noen hit og dit, herse med noen

English-Norwegian dictionary > order
10 capitale

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].
I.
Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —
II.
Transf.
A.
Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:
periculum,
peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:
caedis,
id. Most. 2, 2, 44:
morbus,
endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—
2.
Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:
accusare aliquem rei capitalis,
of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,
id. Sen. 12, 42:
cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,
Liv. 3, 13, 4:
reus rerum capitalium,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:
manifesti rerum capitalium,
Sall. C. 52 fin.:
rerum capitalium condemnati,
id. ib. 36, 2:
damnati,
Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:
in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
crimen,
id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.
flagitia,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:
maleficia,
Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:
judex rei capitalis,
Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:
capitalium rerum vindices,
Sall. C. 55 al.:
fraudem admittere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:
causae,
Quint. 8, 3, 14:
judicia,
id. 4, 1, 57:
noxa,
Liv. 3, 55, 5:
poenā afficere aliquem,
Suet. Caes. 48:
condemnare,
id. Dom. 14:
animadversione punire,
id. Aug. 24:
supplicio incesta coërcere,
id. Dom. 8:
capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
supplicium,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,
Fest. p. 50:
judicium trium virorum capitalium,
who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:
capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,
Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.
(α).
Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:
quique non paruerit capital esto,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:
praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,
Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:
degredi viā capital leges fecere,
Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—
(β).
Capitale:
capitale est obicere anteacta,
Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—
(γ).
Plur.:
capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:
capitalia ausi plerique,
Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—
b.
Trop.:
inimicus,
a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:
hostis,
a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
adversarius,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
odium,
id. Lael. 1, 2:
ira,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:
inimicitiae,
Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:
minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,
very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:
capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,
id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:
totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,
id. Sen. 12, 39.—
B.
That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:
Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,
a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:
hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,
more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:
lacessere,
Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:
odisse,
mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,
2.
As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capitale
11 capitalis

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].
I.
Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —
II.
Transf.
A.
Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:
periculum,
peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:
caedis,
id. Most. 2, 2, 44:
morbus,
endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—
2.
Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:
accusare aliquem rei capitalis,
of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,
id. Sen. 12, 42:
cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,
Liv. 3, 13, 4:
reus rerum capitalium,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:
manifesti rerum capitalium,
Sall. C. 52 fin.:
rerum capitalium condemnati,
id. ib. 36, 2:
damnati,
Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:
in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
crimen,
id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.
flagitia,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:
maleficia,
Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:
judex rei capitalis,
Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:
capitalium rerum vindices,
Sall. C. 55 al.:
fraudem admittere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:
causae,
Quint. 8, 3, 14:
judicia,
id. 4, 1, 57:
noxa,
Liv. 3, 55, 5:
poenā afficere aliquem,
Suet. Caes. 48:
condemnare,
id. Dom. 14:
animadversione punire,
id. Aug. 24:
supplicio incesta coërcere,
id. Dom. 8:
capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
supplicium,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,
Fest. p. 50:
judicium trium virorum capitalium,
who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:
capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,
Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.
(α).
Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:
quique non paruerit capital esto,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:
praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,
Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:
degredi viā capital leges fecere,
Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—
(β).
Capitale:
capitale est obicere anteacta,
Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—
(γ).
Plur.:
capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:
capitalia ausi plerique,
Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—
b.
Trop.:
inimicus,
a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:
hostis,
a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
adversarius,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
odium,
id. Lael. 1, 2:
ira,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:
inimicitiae,
Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:
minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,
very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:
capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,
id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:
totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,
id. Sen. 12, 39.—
B.
That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:
Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,
a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:
hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,
more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:
lacessere,
Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:
odisse,
mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,
2.
As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capitalis
12 capitaliter

căpĭtālis, e, adj. [caput].
I.
Relating to or belonging to the head. In this signif. extant only in the subst. capital, a headdress of priests, Varr. L. L. 5, § 130 Müll.; but, capital linteum quoddam, quo in sacrificiis utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 48 ib. —
II.
Transf.
A.
Relating to life, by which life is endangered, capital:
periculum,
peril of life, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 81; id. Rud. 2, 3, 19:
caedis,
id. Most. 2, 2, 44:
morbus,
endangering life, dangerous, Gell. 16, 13, 5.—
2.
Esp. freq. as jurid. t. t. of those crimes which are punishable by death or by the loss of civil rights, capital, v. Dig. 21, 1, 23, § 2; 48, 1, 2:
accusare aliquem rei capitalis,
of a capital crime, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
qui in vinculis essent damnati rei capitalis,
id. Sen. 12, 42:
cui rei capitalis dies dicta sit,
Liv. 3, 13, 4:
reus rerum capitalium,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 95:
manifesti rerum capitalium,
Sall. C. 52 fin.:
rerum capitalium condemnati,
id. ib. 36, 2:
damnati,
Tac. A. 1, 21 fin.:
in rerum capitalium quaestionibus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 68:
crimen,
id. ib. 2, 5, 9, § 23; Tac. A. 3, 60: facinora, Cic. poët. N. D. 1, 6, 13; cf.
flagitia,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 5:
maleficia,
Dig. 48, 8, 18 pr.:
judex rei capitalis,
Quint. 7, 3, 33; Curt. 6, 8, 25; Cic. Dom. 30, 78:
capitalium rerum vindices,
Sall. C. 55 al.:
fraudem admittere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:
causae,
Quint. 8, 3, 14:
judicia,
id. 4, 1, 57:
noxa,
Liv. 3, 55, 5:
poenā afficere aliquem,
Suet. Caes. 48:
condemnare,
id. Dom. 14:
animadversione punire,
id. Aug. 24:
supplicio incesta coërcere,
id. Dom. 8:
capitale nullum exemplum vindictae,
Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 18:
supplicium,
Curt. 3, 2, 17:
capitalis locus ubl si quid violatum. est, caput violatoris expiatur,
Fest. p. 50:
judicium trium virorum capitalium,
who had charge of the prisons and of executions, Cic. Or. 46, 156; Liv. 39, 14, 10; 25, 1, 10; cf. id. 32, 26, 17; and the joke of Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 2.—Also subst.: căpĭtal (postAug. sometimes căpĭtāle, as also in poorer MSS. of earlier authors), plur. capitalia, a death ( real or civil), banishment, etc., in consequence of crime:
capital = facinus quod capitis poenā luitur,
Fest. p. 37: capital kephalikê timôria, Vet. Gloss.
(α).
Capital facere, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 16; id. Merc. 3, 4, 26: scimus capital esse irascier, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 38, 17:
quique non paruerit capital esto,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21; id. Inv. 2, 31, 96:
praesidio decedere apud Romanos capital esse,
Liv. 24, 37, 9 Gronov.; Mel. 1, 9, 7 Tzschuck; Curt. 8, 4, 17; 8, 9, 34; Quint. 9, 2, 67:
degredi viā capital leges fecere,
Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 63; 10, 23, 31, § 62; Just. 2, 7, 8; Suet. Calig. 24 Oud. and Wolf; Sil. 13, 155; cf. Front. 4, 6, 3 Oud.—
(β).
Capitale:
capitale est obicere anteacta,
Quint. 9, 2, 67; Tac. Agr. 2.—
(γ).
Plur.:
capitalia: capitalia vindicanto,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:
capitalia ausi plerique,
Liv. 26, 40, 17; Suet. Tib. 58.—
b.
Trop.:
inimicus,
a mortal enemy, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 57:
hostis,
a deadly enemy, Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
adversarius,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:
odium,
id. Lael. 1, 2:
ira,
Hor. S. 1, 7, 13:
inimicitiae,
Dig. 17, 1, 23, § 25:
minae, Cod. 2, 20, 7: oratio,
very pernicious, dangerous, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73:
capitalis et pestifer Antonii reditus,
id. Phil. 4, 1, 3:
totius autem injustitiae nulla capitalior quam eorum, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 13, 41:
nulla capitalior pestis quam, etc.,
id. Sen. 12, 39.—
B.
That is at the head, chief, first in something, pre-eminent, distinguished (rare): capitale vocamus Ingenium sollers (as we often use capital), Ov. F. 3, 839:
Siculus ille (sc. Philistus) capitalis, creber, acutus, etc.,
a writer of the first rank, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4: jocus, a capital joke, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 10. — Comp.:
hoc autem erat capitalior, quod, etc.,
more important, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170.—Hence, adv.: căpĭtālĭter, mortally, capitally:
lacessere,
Plin. Ep. 1, 5, 4:
odisse,
mortally, Amm. 21, 16, 11.—Esp.,
2.
As judicial t. t., of punishments, capitally, so as to affect life or citizenship, Cod. Th. 3, 14, 1; Veg. Mil. 2, 22.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > capitaliter
13 Coat-Hardy

COAT-HARDY (Cote-Hardie, French)
Presumed to be a close-fitting garment, buttoned all down the front, worn by both sexes in the 14th and 15th centuries in France, England and generally on the Continent. It has never been properly identified. That for the men just covered the hips, round which was buckled by all persons of knightly rank, the military belt. That of the ladies varied in length from mid-leg down to the ground. But in all cases it fitted the body as tightly as possible.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Coat-Hardy
14 صف

صَفٌّ \ column: a line of soldiers in marching order. file: a line of people. grade: a class or year of a school course: She is in the eighth grade. line: a row: There’s a line of trees along the street. The soldiers stood in (a) line. queue: a line of people who are waiting for their turn (to enter a bus or building, to buy sth., etc.). row: a line of things: the front row of seats in a theatre. side: a group of supporters (in a quarrel, etc.): They fought on our side in the war. They took his side. \ صَفٌّ \ array. \ _(field) Maths. \ See Also مجموعة مرتَّبة، صَفيف \ صَفٌّ \ form: grade a class in school. \ See Also فصلٌ دراسيّ \ صَفُّ بُيُوتٍ ومَحَلاّتٍ تِجَاريَّة مُتَلاصِقَة \ block: the area or building surrounded by four streets in a town. \ صَفُّ جنود (واحد بجانب الآخر)‏ \ rank: a row of soldiers, side by side: The men stood in three ranks. \ صَفُّ مَنَازل متصلة \ terrace: a row of joined houses.

Arabic-English dictionary > صف
15 champion

1. n спорт. чемпион

world champion — чемпион мира

Olympic champion — олимпийский чемпион

individual apparatus champion — чемпион на отдельном снаряде

woman's all-around champion — абсолютная чемпионка

men's all-around champion — абсолютный чемпион

imitating the champion — подражание чемпиону

undefeated champion — непобежденный чемпион

2. n победитель; получивший первый приз, первый призёр

open champion — победитель в открытом чемпионате

3. n защитник, поборник; борец

champions of peace — борцы за мир, сторонники мира

ardent champion — страстный борец

stout champion — храбрый защитник

4. n ирон. мастер

champion at telling lies — непревзойдённый лжец

5. n поэт. воин, витязь

6. a первый среди соревнующихся; получивший первый приз

champion boxer — боксёр-чемпион

champion bull — бык, получивший первый приз

7. a разг. первоклассный, замечательный

how do you feel? — Champion, thank you — как вы себя чувствуете? — Спасибо, прекрасно

8. v защищать, отстаивать; бороться

to champion disarmament — бороться за разоружение

Синонимический ряд:

1. excellent (adj.) A1; bang-up; banner; blue-ribbon; bully; capital; classic; classical; excellent; exceptional; famous; fine; first-class; first-rate; first-string; five-star; front-rank; Grade A; great; number one; outstanding; par excellence; prime; quality; royal; skookum; sovereign; splendid; stunning; superb; superior; tiptop; top; topflight; top-notch; whiz-bang

2. first (adj.) arch; chief; first; foremost; head; leading; premier; principal

3. incomparable (adj.) incomparable; inimitable; matchless; peerless

4. defender (noun) advocate; ally; backer; defender; exponent; expounder; partisan; patron; proponent; protector; sponsor; supporter; vindicator

5. fighter (noun) brave; fighter; warrior

6. winner (noun) conqueror; hero; master; vanquisher; victor; winner

7. back (verb) advocate; back; backstop; espouse; get behind; plump for; promote; side with; stand behind; support

8. defend (verb) defend; fight for; maintain; protect; uphold

Антонимический ряд:

loser; mediocre; opponent; oppose; ordinary

English-Russian base dictionary > champion
16 ante

antĕ (old form anti, whence antidea, antideo, antidhac; v. antea, anteeo, and antehac) [Gr. anti, over against, facing, anta, antên; Sanscr. anti = over against; Germ. ant- in Ant-wort = Goth. anda-vaurdi, an answer, anda-nahti, the night before], prep. and adv. (acc. to Max. Victor. p. 1953, as prep. with the grave accent; as adv. with the acute on the last syl.).
I.
Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).
A.
In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).
1.
In space:
quem ante aedīs video,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:
ante ostium Me audivit stare,
Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so Vulg. Lev. 1, 5:
Ornatas paulo ante fores,
Juv. 6, 227; so Vulg. Num. 3, 26:
ante meum limen,
Juv. 11, 190:
ante suum fundum,
Cic. Mil. 10:
ut ante suos hortulos postridie piscarentur,
id. Off. 3, 14, 58:
ante sepulcrales infelix adstitit aras,
Ov. M. 8, 480; so Verg. A. 1, 344; 3, 545; Juv. 10, 268:
ante altaria,
id. 8, 155; so Vulg. Deut. 26, 4; ib. Matt. 5, 24. —Of persons:
ante hosce deos erant arulae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3:
quīs ante ora patrum contigit oppetere,
Verg. A. 1, 95; id. G. 4, 477:
ipsius unam (navem) ante oculos pontus in puppim ferit,
id. A. 1, 114; 2, 531; 2, 773:
ante se statuit funditores,
Liv. 42, 58:
Flos Asiae ante ipsum,
Juv. 5, 56; Vulg. Matt. 17, 2:
si luditur alea pernox Ante Numantinos,
Juv. 8, 11.— Trop.:
ante oculos collocata,
Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 192:
ante oculos errat domus,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 57: [p. 128] causam ante eum diceret, before him as judge, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 9:
donec stet ante judicium,
Vulg. Josh. 20, 6; ib. Marc. 13, 9.—And in eccl. Lat., after the Heb. and Hel. Gr., before, in the sight of, in the judgment of:
ante Dominum vilior fiam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 6, 21 sq.:
non te justifices ante Deum,
ib. Eccli. 7, 5:
justi ambo ante Deum,
ib. Luc. 1, 6;
and fully: fecit Asa rectum ante conspectum Domini,
ib. 3 Reg. 15, 11; ib. Apoc. 12, 10.—Hence, homines ante pedes (in later Lat.), servants; cf. the annotators upon Juv. 7, 143.—With verbs of motion:
ante me ito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 70:
equitatum omnem ante se mittit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
ante ceteras cohortes extra aciem procurrere,
id. B. C. 1, 55:
praecurrit ante omnes,
id. ib. 2, 34; so Nep. Dat. 3, 2; Liv. 7, 41; 45, 40 al.; Vulg. Lev. 27, 11; ib. 1 Reg. 12, 2.—
2.
Trop. of preference in judgment, or regulations in respect to rank, before (this is properly the signification of prae, q. v.; hence more rare than that, and never used by Cic.): quem ante me diligo, before myself, more than myself, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15.—So ante aliquem esse, to surpass, excel any one:
facundiā Graecos, gloriā belli Gallos ante Romanos fuisse,
Sall. C. 53, 3, ubi v. Corte and Kritz:
tum me vero et ante Alexandrum et ante Pyrrhum et ante omnes alios imperatores esse,
superior to, Liv. 35, 14:
necessitas ante rationem est,
necessity knows no law, Curt. 7, 7, 10.—Hence very freq. (but mostly poet. and post-class.),
a.
Ante alios, ante omnes, ante ceteros, etc., before others, before all, etc., to designate a comparative relation;
also sometimes, for the sake of emphasis, with comparatives and superlatives: tibi, Neptune, ante alios deos gratias ago,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 5; so Ov. M. 10, 120:
scito illum ante omnīs minumi mortalem preti,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 8:
tua ante omnes experientia,
Tac. A. 2, 76; 1, 27; Liv. 1, 9:
Junoni ante omnīs candentis vaccae media inter cornua (pateram) fundit,
Verg. A. 4, 59:
Ipse est ante omnes,
Vulg. Col. 1, 17:
O felix una ante alias Priameïa virgo,
Verg. A. 3, 321:
ante omnes furor est insignis equarum,
id. G. 3, 266:
scelere ante alios immanior omnīs,
id. A. 1, 347; Liv. 5, 42:
ante alios pulcherrimus omnīs Turnus,
Verg. A. 7, 55; so Nep. Att. 3, 3; Liv. 1, 15; cf. Rudd. II. p. 82; II. p. 101; II. p. 305.—
b.
Ante omnia.
(α).
Before all things, first of all:
alvus ante omnia ducitur,
Cels. 7, 30:
oportet autem ante omnia os nudare,
id. 8, 2:
Ante omnia instituit, ut etc.,
Suet. Ner. 32; id. Calig. 21:
Ante omnia autem, fratres, etc.,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 12; ib. 1 Petr. 4, 8.—
(β).
Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty:
publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,
Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4:
quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,
Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125:
dulces ante omnia Musae,
the Muses pleasing above all things, Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72:
deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,
Juv. 10, 191.—
(γ).
In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, kai prôton men oun; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4):
ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,
Quint. 2, 15, 1:
ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,
id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.—
B.
Of time.
1.
Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf.
Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22:
ante diem caupo sciet,
Juv. 9, 108:
ante brumam,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28:
ante noctem,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 51:
pereundum erit ante lucernas,
Juv. 10, 339:
ante haec omnia,
Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.
a.
By a person who lived at the time:
jam ante Socratem,
before the time of, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44:
qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,
before me, before my time, id. Cat. 4, 3:
ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,
Verg. G. 1, 125:
vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 25:
ante Helenam,
id. S. 1, 3, 107:
ante se,
Tac. H. 1, 50:
quod ante eum nemo,
Suet. Caes. 26 al. —
b.
By other objects pertaining to a particular time: ante hoc factum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 64:
ante has meas litteras,
i. e. before the receipt of this letter, Cic. Fam. 13, 17:
per hunc castissimum ante regiam injuriam sanguinem juro,
Liv. 1, 59:
ante mare et terras, et quod tegit omnia, caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5:
ante sidus fervidum,
Hor. Epod. 1, 27:
ante cibum,
id. S. 1, 10, 61, and Juv. 6, 428:
Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta,
before their A B C, id. 14, 209:
cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?
Verg. A. 11, 424:
Tecum prius ergo voluta Haec ante tubas,
Juv. 1, 169.—Also by the designation of the office of a person:
ante aedilitatem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 17:
ante sceptrum Dictaei regis,
Verg. G. 2, 536:
ante imperium ducis,
Flor. 4, 2, 66:
relictis multis filiis et in regno et ante regnum susceptis,
Just. 2, 10.—And by the designation of office in app. to the person:
mortuus est ante istum praetorem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 45, 115:
docuerant fabulas ante hos consules,
id. Brut. 18, 73:
cum ante illum imperatorem clipeis uterentur,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 3:
quos ante se imperatorem nemo ausus sit aspicere,
id. Epam. 8, 3.—A part. perf. or fut. pass. is freq. added to such substantives for the sake of explanation:
ante hanc urbem conditam,
before the founding of this city, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (opp. post urbem conditam):
non multo ante urbem captam,
id. Div. 1, 45:
ante Epaminondam natum,
Nep. Epam. 10, 4:
ante te cognitum multis orantibus opem tuli,
Sall. J. 110, 2:
ante decemviros creatos,
Liv. 3, 53 al. —
2.
Hence particular phrases.
a.
Ante tempus,
(α).
Before the right time:
ante tempus excitatis suis,
Liv. 31, 36.—
(β).
Before the appointed, proper, or lawful time:
factus est consul bis, primum ante tempus,
Cic. Lael. 3:
honores et ante tempus et quosdam novi generis cepit,
Suet. Aug. 26:
venisti ante tempus torquere nos?
Vulg. Matt. 8, 29 (cf. annus, II. D.).—
b.
Ante diem, poet.,
(α).
Before the time:
Caesaribus virtus contigit ante diem,
Ov. A. A. 1, 184:
ante diem vultu gressuque superbo Vicerat aequales,
Stat. S. 2, 1, 108.—
(β).
Before the time destined by fate:
filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos,
Ov. M. 1, 148:
hic dolor ante diem Pandiona misit ad umbras,
id. ib. 6, 675; id. A. A. 3, 739:
sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore, etc.,
Verg. A. 4, 697 (cf. Soph. Antig. 461: ei de tou chronou prosthen thanoumai). —
c.
Ante hunc diem, with a negative:
istunc hominem numquam audivi ante hunc diem,
never before this day, never until now, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 60; 4, 2, 7:
neque umquam ante hunc diem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 19; 5, 4, 23:
Novum crimen et ante hunc diem inauditum ad te Q. Tubero detulit,
Cic. Lig. 1, 1 (cf. Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 17: neque eum ante usquam conspexi prius). —
3.
Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20 th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21 st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24 th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12 th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3 d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.:
in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3:
ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3 d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17:
supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,
Liv. 45, 2, 12.—
4.
Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment:
ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,
Nep. Arist. 2, 3:
qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,
id. Timoth. 2, 3:
invictus ante eam diem fuerat,
Curt. 5, 3, 22.—
5.
Ante annos, before the destined time:
Ante suos annos occidit,
Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46:
Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,
beyond his years, Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.:
suos annos praeterire,
Sil. 4, 428; and:
annos transcendere factis,
id. 2, 348). —
6.
Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin:
ante hoc incognita,
Luc. 6, 116:
ante hoc domūs pars videntur,
Tac. G. 13.
II.
Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).
A.
Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9:
fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,
Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5:
coronatus stabit et ante calix,
Tib. 2, 5, 98:
plena oculis et ante et retro,
Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.):
si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,
Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:
pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,
Verg. G. 3, 552.—
B.
1.. Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).
a.
With verbs:
nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 4:
id te oro, ut ante eamus,
id. ib. 3, 3, 24;
very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,
Cic. Phil. 11, 14:
quae ante acta sunt,
id. Verr. 1, 109:
sicut ante fecimus,
Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20:
fructus omnis ante actae vitae,
Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16:
apud vos ante feci mentionem,
Cic. Agr. 3, 4:
faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,
id. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320:
illud de quo ante dixi,
Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116:
quos ante dixi,
id. Off. 2, 14, 50:
ut ante dixi,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45:
quem ad modum ante dixi,
id. Sex. Rosc. 91:
additis, quae ante deliquerant,
Tac. A. 6, 9:
filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,
id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam:
acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; id. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.:
ut saepe ante fecerant,
Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.—
b.
Rarely with adjj.:
non filius ante pudicus,
Juv. 3, 111:
quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—
c.
Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.):
illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:
etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,
id. Fam. 4, 9:
paucis diebus ante,
id. Phil. 2, 40:
viginti annis ante,
id. Lael. 12, 42:
voverat eam annis undecim ante,
Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51:
quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,
a year before, Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7:
Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,
a year before the fall of Troy, Just. 18, 3, 5:
ante quadriennium amissus es,
four years previously, Tac. Agr. 45:
aliquot ante annos,
Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.—
d.
With the advv. multo, paulo, aliquanto, tanto, quanto, and rarely permultum:
multo ante prospexi tempestatem futuram,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:
haud multo ante adventum,
Tac. Agr. 18.—And in the order ante multo:
ante multo a te didicerimus,
Cic. Sen. 2, 6:
Venisti paulo ante in senatum,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 16; id. Marcell. 7; id. Mil. 7; Tac. G. 41; id. H. 3, 68; Suet. Caes. 21; Vulg. Sap. 15, 8; ib. 2 Macc. 3, 30;
6, 29 et saep.—And in the order ante paulo: quae ante paulo perbreviter attigi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4:
profectus est aliquanto ante furorem Catilinae,
id. Sull. 20, 56 bis; id. Verr. 1, 149.—And in the order ante aliquanto: ante aliquanto quam tu natus es, Cic. Fam. [p. 129] 10, 4; id. Vatin. 25; id. Verr. 2, 46:
tanto ante praedixeras,
id. Phil. 2, 33:
quod si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; 5, 78, 89; id. Cat. 3, 17; id. de Or. 1, 7, 26; so Quint. 2, 4, 28:
quanto ante providerit,
Cic. Sest. 8:
permultum ante certior factus eram litteris,
id. Fam. 3, 11; cf. Prisc. p. 1191 P.—
2.
Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.
a.
With ind. pres.:
ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,
Cic. Quinct. 48:
ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,
id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.—
b.
With ind. perf.:
memini Catonem anno ante quam est mortuus mecum disserere,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11:
anno ipso ante quam natus est Ennius,
id. Brut. 18, 72:
ante aliquanto quam tu natus es,
id. Fam. 10, 3:
neque ante dimisit eum quam fidem dedit,
Liv. 39, 10:
ante quam ille est factus inimicus,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9.—
c.
Rarely with fut. perf.:
ante provinciam sibi decretam audiet quam potuerit tempus ei rei datum suspicari,
Cic. Phil. 11, 24:
neque defatigabor ante quam... percepero,
id. de Or. 3, 36, 145.—
d.
With subj. pres.:
ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,
Cic. Agr. 2, 53:
hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,
id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.—
e.
With subj. imperf.:
Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 167:
qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,
id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; id. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.—
f.
With subj. perf.:
ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,
Cic. Phil. 14, 1:
domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,
id. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40:
nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,
Liv. 42, 52:
nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,
Suet. Caes. 67.—
g.
With subj. pluperf.:
se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71:
qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,
Cic. Planc. 98:
ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,
id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; id. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.—
h.
With inf.:
dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,
Cic. Quinct. 54.—
i.
With part.:
armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,
Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.;
and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,
Lucr. 3, 972:
Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,
Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam:
sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,
Verg. A. 4, 24; so,
prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?
Prop. 3, 20, 25.—
3.
For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum):
ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,
Cels. 7, 29:
et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,
id. 5, 26:
ante tonderi... deinde... tum, etc.,
id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.—
4.
Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek):
neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,
earlier, previous ills, Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. tôn paros kakôn, Soph. O. T. 1423):
ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,
Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).
III.
In composition.
A.
Of space, before, in front of, forwards: antepono, antefigo, antefero, antemitto.—
B.
Fig. of preference, before, above: antepono.—
C.
Of degree, before, above, more: antepotens, antepollens—
D.
In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ante
17 anti

antĕ (old form anti, whence antidea, antideo, antidhac; v. antea, anteeo, and antehac) [Gr. anti, over against, facing, anta, antên; Sanscr. anti = over against; Germ. ant- in Ant-wort = Goth. anda-vaurdi, an answer, anda-nahti, the night before], prep. and adv. (acc. to Max. Victor. p. 1953, as prep. with the grave accent; as adv. with the acute on the last syl.).
I.
Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).
A.
In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).
1.
In space:
quem ante aedīs video,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:
ante ostium Me audivit stare,
Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so Vulg. Lev. 1, 5:
Ornatas paulo ante fores,
Juv. 6, 227; so Vulg. Num. 3, 26:
ante meum limen,
Juv. 11, 190:
ante suum fundum,
Cic. Mil. 10:
ut ante suos hortulos postridie piscarentur,
id. Off. 3, 14, 58:
ante sepulcrales infelix adstitit aras,
Ov. M. 8, 480; so Verg. A. 1, 344; 3, 545; Juv. 10, 268:
ante altaria,
id. 8, 155; so Vulg. Deut. 26, 4; ib. Matt. 5, 24. —Of persons:
ante hosce deos erant arulae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3:
quīs ante ora patrum contigit oppetere,
Verg. A. 1, 95; id. G. 4, 477:
ipsius unam (navem) ante oculos pontus in puppim ferit,
id. A. 1, 114; 2, 531; 2, 773:
ante se statuit funditores,
Liv. 42, 58:
Flos Asiae ante ipsum,
Juv. 5, 56; Vulg. Matt. 17, 2:
si luditur alea pernox Ante Numantinos,
Juv. 8, 11.— Trop.:
ante oculos collocata,
Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 192:
ante oculos errat domus,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 57: [p. 128] causam ante eum diceret, before him as judge, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 9:
donec stet ante judicium,
Vulg. Josh. 20, 6; ib. Marc. 13, 9.—And in eccl. Lat., after the Heb. and Hel. Gr., before, in the sight of, in the judgment of:
ante Dominum vilior fiam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 6, 21 sq.:
non te justifices ante Deum,
ib. Eccli. 7, 5:
justi ambo ante Deum,
ib. Luc. 1, 6;
and fully: fecit Asa rectum ante conspectum Domini,
ib. 3 Reg. 15, 11; ib. Apoc. 12, 10.—Hence, homines ante pedes (in later Lat.), servants; cf. the annotators upon Juv. 7, 143.—With verbs of motion:
ante me ito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 70:
equitatum omnem ante se mittit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:
ante ceteras cohortes extra aciem procurrere,
id. B. C. 1, 55:
praecurrit ante omnes,
id. ib. 2, 34; so Nep. Dat. 3, 2; Liv. 7, 41; 45, 40 al.; Vulg. Lev. 27, 11; ib. 1 Reg. 12, 2.—
2.
Trop. of preference in judgment, or regulations in respect to rank, before (this is properly the signification of prae, q. v.; hence more rare than that, and never used by Cic.): quem ante me diligo, before myself, more than myself, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15.—So ante aliquem esse, to surpass, excel any one:
facundiā Graecos, gloriā belli Gallos ante Romanos fuisse,
Sall. C. 53, 3, ubi v. Corte and Kritz:
tum me vero et ante Alexandrum et ante Pyrrhum et ante omnes alios imperatores esse,
superior to, Liv. 35, 14:
necessitas ante rationem est,
necessity knows no law, Curt. 7, 7, 10.—Hence very freq. (but mostly poet. and post-class.),
a.
Ante alios, ante omnes, ante ceteros, etc., before others, before all, etc., to designate a comparative relation;
also sometimes, for the sake of emphasis, with comparatives and superlatives: tibi, Neptune, ante alios deos gratias ago,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 5; so Ov. M. 10, 120:
scito illum ante omnīs minumi mortalem preti,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 8:
tua ante omnes experientia,
Tac. A. 2, 76; 1, 27; Liv. 1, 9:
Junoni ante omnīs candentis vaccae media inter cornua (pateram) fundit,
Verg. A. 4, 59:
Ipse est ante omnes,
Vulg. Col. 1, 17:
O felix una ante alias Priameïa virgo,
Verg. A. 3, 321:
ante omnes furor est insignis equarum,
id. G. 3, 266:
scelere ante alios immanior omnīs,
id. A. 1, 347; Liv. 5, 42:
ante alios pulcherrimus omnīs Turnus,
Verg. A. 7, 55; so Nep. Att. 3, 3; Liv. 1, 15; cf. Rudd. II. p. 82; II. p. 101; II. p. 305.—
b.
Ante omnia.
(α).
Before all things, first of all:
alvus ante omnia ducitur,
Cels. 7, 30:
oportet autem ante omnia os nudare,
id. 8, 2:
Ante omnia instituit, ut etc.,
Suet. Ner. 32; id. Calig. 21:
Ante omnia autem, fratres, etc.,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 12; ib. 1 Petr. 4, 8.—
(β).
Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty:
publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,
Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4:
quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,
Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125:
dulces ante omnia Musae,
the Muses pleasing above all things, Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72:
deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,
Juv. 10, 191.—
(γ).
In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, kai prôton men oun; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4):
ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,
Quint. 2, 15, 1:
ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,
id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.—
B.
Of time.
1.
Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf.
Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22:
ante diem caupo sciet,
Juv. 9, 108:
ante brumam,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28:
ante noctem,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 51:
pereundum erit ante lucernas,
Juv. 10, 339:
ante haec omnia,
Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.
a.
By a person who lived at the time:
jam ante Socratem,
before the time of, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44:
qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,
before me, before my time, id. Cat. 4, 3:
ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,
Verg. G. 1, 125:
vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 25:
ante Helenam,
id. S. 1, 3, 107:
ante se,
Tac. H. 1, 50:
quod ante eum nemo,
Suet. Caes. 26 al. —
b.
By other objects pertaining to a particular time: ante hoc factum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 64:
ante has meas litteras,
i. e. before the receipt of this letter, Cic. Fam. 13, 17:
per hunc castissimum ante regiam injuriam sanguinem juro,
Liv. 1, 59:
ante mare et terras, et quod tegit omnia, caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5:
ante sidus fervidum,
Hor. Epod. 1, 27:
ante cibum,
id. S. 1, 10, 61, and Juv. 6, 428:
Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta,
before their A B C, id. 14, 209:
cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?
Verg. A. 11, 424:
Tecum prius ergo voluta Haec ante tubas,
Juv. 1, 169.—Also by the designation of the office of a person:
ante aedilitatem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 17:
ante sceptrum Dictaei regis,
Verg. G. 2, 536:
ante imperium ducis,
Flor. 4, 2, 66:
relictis multis filiis et in regno et ante regnum susceptis,
Just. 2, 10.—And by the designation of office in app. to the person:
mortuus est ante istum praetorem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 45, 115:
docuerant fabulas ante hos consules,
id. Brut. 18, 73:
cum ante illum imperatorem clipeis uterentur,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 3:
quos ante se imperatorem nemo ausus sit aspicere,
id. Epam. 8, 3.—A part. perf. or fut. pass. is freq. added to such substantives for the sake of explanation:
ante hanc urbem conditam,
before the founding of this city, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (opp. post urbem conditam):
non multo ante urbem captam,
id. Div. 1, 45:
ante Epaminondam natum,
Nep. Epam. 10, 4:
ante te cognitum multis orantibus opem tuli,
Sall. J. 110, 2:
ante decemviros creatos,
Liv. 3, 53 al. —
2.
Hence particular phrases.
a.
Ante tempus,
(α).
Before the right time:
ante tempus excitatis suis,
Liv. 31, 36.—
(β).
Before the appointed, proper, or lawful time:
factus est consul bis, primum ante tempus,
Cic. Lael. 3:
honores et ante tempus et quosdam novi generis cepit,
Suet. Aug. 26:
venisti ante tempus torquere nos?
Vulg. Matt. 8, 29 (cf. annus, II. D.).—
b.
Ante diem, poet.,
(α).
Before the time:
Caesaribus virtus contigit ante diem,
Ov. A. A. 1, 184:
ante diem vultu gressuque superbo Vicerat aequales,
Stat. S. 2, 1, 108.—
(β).
Before the time destined by fate:
filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos,
Ov. M. 1, 148:
hic dolor ante diem Pandiona misit ad umbras,
id. ib. 6, 675; id. A. A. 3, 739:
sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore, etc.,
Verg. A. 4, 697 (cf. Soph. Antig. 461: ei de tou chronou prosthen thanoumai). —
c.
Ante hunc diem, with a negative:
istunc hominem numquam audivi ante hunc diem,
never before this day, never until now, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 60; 4, 2, 7:
neque umquam ante hunc diem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 19; 5, 4, 23:
Novum crimen et ante hunc diem inauditum ad te Q. Tubero detulit,
Cic. Lig. 1, 1 (cf. Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 17: neque eum ante usquam conspexi prius). —
3.
Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20 th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21 st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24 th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12 th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3 d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.:
in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3:
ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3 d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17:
supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,
Liv. 45, 2, 12.—
4.
Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment:
ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,
Nep. Arist. 2, 3:
qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,
id. Timoth. 2, 3:
invictus ante eam diem fuerat,
Curt. 5, 3, 22.—
5.
Ante annos, before the destined time:
Ante suos annos occidit,
Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46:
Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,
beyond his years, Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.:
suos annos praeterire,
Sil. 4, 428; and:
annos transcendere factis,
id. 2, 348). —
6.
Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin:
ante hoc incognita,
Luc. 6, 116:
ante hoc domūs pars videntur,
Tac. G. 13.
II.
Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).
A.
Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9:
fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,
Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5:
coronatus stabit et ante calix,
Tib. 2, 5, 98:
plena oculis et ante et retro,
Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.):
si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,
Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:
pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,
Verg. G. 3, 552.—
B.
1.. Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).
a.
With verbs:
nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 4:
id te oro, ut ante eamus,
id. ib. 3, 3, 24;
very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,
Cic. Phil. 11, 14:
quae ante acta sunt,
id. Verr. 1, 109:
sicut ante fecimus,
Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20:
fructus omnis ante actae vitae,
Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16:
apud vos ante feci mentionem,
Cic. Agr. 3, 4:
faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,
id. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320:
illud de quo ante dixi,
Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116:
quos ante dixi,
id. Off. 2, 14, 50:
ut ante dixi,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45:
quem ad modum ante dixi,
id. Sex. Rosc. 91:
additis, quae ante deliquerant,
Tac. A. 6, 9:
filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,
id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam:
acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; id. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.:
ut saepe ante fecerant,
Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.—
b.
Rarely with adjj.:
non filius ante pudicus,
Juv. 3, 111:
quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—
c.
Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.):
illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:
etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,
id. Fam. 4, 9:
paucis diebus ante,
id. Phil. 2, 40:
viginti annis ante,
id. Lael. 12, 42:
voverat eam annis undecim ante,
Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51:
quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,
a year before, Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7:
Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,
a year before the fall of Troy, Just. 18, 3, 5:
ante quadriennium amissus es,
four years previously, Tac. Agr. 45:
aliquot ante annos,
Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.—
d.
With the advv. multo, paulo, aliquanto, tanto, quanto, and rarely permultum:
multo ante prospexi tempestatem futuram,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:
haud multo ante adventum,
Tac. Agr. 18.—And in the order ante multo:
ante multo a te didicerimus,
Cic. Sen. 2, 6:
Venisti paulo ante in senatum,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 16; id. Marcell. 7; id. Mil. 7; Tac. G. 41; id. H. 3, 68; Suet. Caes. 21; Vulg. Sap. 15, 8; ib. 2 Macc. 3, 30;
6, 29 et saep.—And in the order ante paulo: quae ante paulo perbreviter attigi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4:
profectus est aliquanto ante furorem Catilinae,
id. Sull. 20, 56 bis; id. Verr. 1, 149.—And in the order ante aliquanto: ante aliquanto quam tu natus es, Cic. Fam. [p. 129] 10, 4; id. Vatin. 25; id. Verr. 2, 46:
tanto ante praedixeras,
id. Phil. 2, 33:
quod si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; 5, 78, 89; id. Cat. 3, 17; id. de Or. 1, 7, 26; so Quint. 2, 4, 28:
quanto ante providerit,
Cic. Sest. 8:
permultum ante certior factus eram litteris,
id. Fam. 3, 11; cf. Prisc. p. 1191 P.—
2.
Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.
a.
With ind. pres.:
ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,
Cic. Quinct. 48:
ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,
id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.—
b.
With ind. perf.:
memini Catonem anno ante quam est mortuus mecum disserere,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11:
anno ipso ante quam natus est Ennius,
id. Brut. 18, 72:
ante aliquanto quam tu natus es,
id. Fam. 10, 3:
neque ante dimisit eum quam fidem dedit,
Liv. 39, 10:
ante quam ille est factus inimicus,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9.—
c.
Rarely with fut. perf.:
ante provinciam sibi decretam audiet quam potuerit tempus ei rei datum suspicari,
Cic. Phil. 11, 24:
neque defatigabor ante quam... percepero,
id. de Or. 3, 36, 145.—
d.
With subj. pres.:
ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,
Cic. Agr. 2, 53:
hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,
id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.—
e.
With subj. imperf.:
Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 167:
qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,
id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; id. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.—
f.
With subj. perf.:
ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,
Cic. Phil. 14, 1:
domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,
id. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40:
nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,
Liv. 42, 52:
nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,
Suet. Caes. 67.—
g.
With subj. pluperf.:
se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71:
qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,
Cic. Planc. 98:
ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,
id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; id. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.—
h.
With inf.:
dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,
Cic. Quinct. 54.—
i.
With part.:
armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,
Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.;
and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,
Lucr. 3, 972:
Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,
Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam:
sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,
Verg. A. 4, 24; so,
prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?
Prop. 3, 20, 25.—
3.
For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum):
ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,
Cels. 7, 29:
et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,
id. 5, 26:
ante tonderi... deinde... tum, etc.,
id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.—
4.
Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek):
neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,
earlier, previous ills, Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. tôn paros kakôn, Soph. O. T. 1423):
ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,
Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).
III.
In composition.
A.
Of space, before, in front of, forwards: antepono, antefigo, antefero, antemitto.—
B.
Fig. of preference, before, above: antepono.—
C.
Of degree, before, above, more: antepotens, antepollens—
D.
In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > anti
18 hold

1. I
abs

1) this горе (the twine, the tape, the string, the bootlace, etc.) will hold эта веревка и т. д. не порвется /выдержит/; the nail still holds гвоздь еще не выпал /держится/

2) if rain (snow, frost, etc.) holds если будет продолжаться /без конца будет идти/ дождь и т. д.; if this weather holds если эта /такая/ погода удержится /будет стоять/; if your luck holds если счастье тебе не изменит; can the good weather hold? продержится ли хорошая погода?; the provisions will hold запасов пищи хватит; the comparison holds это сравнение вполне уместно

3) to eat as much as one can hold наесться досыта /до отвала/
2. II
1) hold some time this principle (my promise, our bargain, this law, etc.) still holds этот принцип и т. д. [все] еще остается /продолжает оставаться/ в силе; his objection still holds он еще не снимает своего возражения; the good weather is still holding все еще стоит хорошая погода

2) hold in some manner hold firm /fast, tight/ твердо /стойко/ держаться, оставаться твердым /стойким/; hold firm [until you hear from me] держись стойко [, пока я тебе не напишу]; our friendship will hold fast наша дружба будет прочной
3. III
1) hold smth., smb. hold a spoon (a knife, a candle, a cap, a baby, a cat, etc.) держать ложку и т. д.; hold smb.'s hand держать / взять/ кого-л. за руку; they were holding hands они держались за руки; hold the line! не кладите / не вешайте/ трубку! (при разговоре по телефону)

2) hold smth., smb. hold a fort (a defile, a fortress, a position, a trench, etc.) удерживать /защищать/ крепость и т. д., it takes a number of men to hold him одному его не удержать; there is no holding that fellow с этим парнем никак не сладишь, удержу нет на этого парня; hold trains задерживать поезда; he could hardly hold the horses он едва удерживал /сдерживал/ лошадей; the farmers are holding the wheat фермеры придерживают свою пшеницу; hold a note тянуть [одну] ноту; hold one's breath задерживать /затаить/ дыхание; hold one's nose зажимать нос; hold smb.'s attention (one's audience, the pupils' attention, etc.) овладевать чьим-л. вниманием и т. д., удерживать чье-л. внимание и т. д.; constant change of scene held our attention непрерывная смена пейзажа не давала ослабнуть нашему вниманию

3) hold smth. hold land (a large estate, a large property, etc.) владеть землей и т. д.; hold an office (an appointment, a position, etc.) занимать пост и т. д.; hold a professorship быть профессором, иметь профессорское звание; занимать должность профессора; hold a chair заведовать кафедрой; hold a rank иметь чин; hold a medal иметь медаль; hold first (second, etc.) place иметь /занять/ первое и т. д. место.

4) hold smth., smb. hold a certain amount of liquid (5 gallons, all her clothes, a certain number of people, five persons, etc.) вмещать определенное количество жидкости и т. д.; this bucket will hold ten litres of water это ведро на 10 литров воды; this trunk holds all my things в этот сундук влезут /можно положить/ все мои вещи; the box held his securities в этой шкатулке лежали /были/ принадлежащие ему ценные бумаги; the new hall will hold three hundred spectators в новом зале сможет разместиться триста зрителей, новый зал рассчитан на триста зрителей; how many of us will your car hold? сколько человек сядет /влезет/ в твою машину?; each of these forms is to hold two pupils за каждой такой партой будут сидеть два ученика; sea water holds many salts in solution в морской воде содержится много солей; Westminster Abbey holds the bones of England's great men в Вестминстерском аббатстве покоятся останки великих людей Англии; the evening held a lot of surprises вечер был полон неожиданностей

5) hold smth. hold a meeting (a demonstration, a debate, an election, a consultation, an examination, an investigation, talks, etc.) проводить /устраивать, организовывать/ собрание и т. д.; they decided to hold an exhibition они решили устроить выставку

6) hold smth. hold a view (an opinion) придерживаться взгляда (мнения); I hold a different view я придерживаюсь другой точки зрения, я думаю иначе; hold a course придерживаться определенного курса
4. IV
1) hold smth., smb. in some manner hold smth., smb. tightly) (fast, firmly, straight, carelessly, etc.) держать что-л., кого-л. крепко и т. д.

2) hold smb. , smth. in some manner hold smb., smth. in respect (in high esteem, in awe, in low regard, in contempt, etc.) относиться к кому-л., чему-л. с уважением и т. д.; hold smb. at one's mercy держать кого-л. в своей власти id hold smb. to ridicule выставлять кого-л. на посмешище

3) hold smth. at some time I can't hold all these details at once я не могу (удержать в голове сразу все эти подробности
5. V
1) hold smb. smb. hold smb. prisoner держать кого-л. в плену /в качестве пленного/; hold smb. hostages держать кого-л. в качестве заложников

2) hold it smth. I hold it my duty [to tell you... (to inform you...)] я считаю своей обязанностью /своим долгом/ [рассказать вам... (сообщить вам)...]
6. VI
1) hold smth. in some state hold a door (a window, a window vent, etc.) open (half open, shut, etc.) держать дверь и т. д. открытой и т. д.

2) hold smb. in some state hold an audience (the spectators, the listeners, the whole house, etc.) spellbounc заставить аудиторию и т. д. слушать или смотреть, затаив дыхание; his lovely music held us spellbound его прекрасная музыка очаровала нас; hold smb. captive держать кого-л. в плену

3) hold smth., smb. in some state hold smth. true (good, sacred, cheap, etc.) считать что-л. верным /справедливым/ и т. д.; I hold the very idea absurd я считаю абсурдной саму эту мысль; hold smb. responsible возлагать на кого-л. ответственность; we shall hold you responsible for the work вы будете отвечать за эту работу
7. VII
hold smb., smth. to possess some quality hold smb. to be wrong (to be right, to be clever, to be beautiful, etc.) считать кого-л. неправым и т. д., hold smth. to be impossible (to be inadmissible, to be illogical, etc.) считать что-л. невозможным и т. д.; hold smb. to be smth. hold smb. to be a fool (to be a clever man, to be a good husband, etc.) считать, что кто-л. дурак и т. д.
8. XI.
.1)

be held for some time we were held till the evening нас задержали до вечера; be held at some place my money is held at the bank a) мой деньги находятся в банке; б) банк наложил арест на мои деньги; be held smb. I was held prisoner я находился в плену /в заточении/

2)

be held at some time the meeting (the debate, the conference, the funeral service, etc.) will be held on Monday (at 3 o'clock, etc.) собрание и т. д. состоится в понедельник и т. д.; when will the election be held? когда состоятся /будут проходить/ выборы?; be held in (at, etc.) smth. the meeting was held in (at) a very big hall собрание проходило в очень большем зале

3)

be held by smth. the button is held by a thread пуговица держалась на одной нитке; her scarf was held in place by a brooch ее шарфик был заколот брошкой

4)

it is held that... it is universally held by the writers that... у писателей общепризнанным считается, что...; be held to be in some state you will be held responsible вы за это ответите /будете нести ответственность/; he was held guilty (not guilty) он был признан виновным (невиновным)
9. XV
hold to possess some quality hold good /true, valid/ оставаться в силе; my promise (the order, the treaty, our bet, etc.) holds good мое обещание и т. д. остается в силе; the same criticism holds good with the second chapter такое же критическое замечание справедливо и в отношении второй главы
10. XVI
1) hold through smth. the supplies will hold through the winter (through the next three months, etc.) запасов хватит на всю зиму и т. д.

2) hold to smth. hold to a chair (to a rail, to a bedstead, etc.) держаться за стул и т. д.

3) hold against smb., smth. hold against an enemy (against an army, against troops, etc.) удерживать свои позиции против [нашествия] врага и т. д., hold against an attack [успешно] отбивать атаку

4) hold to /by/ smth., smb. hold to a view (to /by/ an opinion, by one's principles, to /by a decision, to a rule, etc.) держаться /придерживаться/ взгляда /точки зрения/ и т. д., he held firm /fast/ to his resolve (to his beliefs, etc.) он твердо держался своего решения и т. д.; hold to a promise сдержать обещание; you should hold to the terms вы должны соблюдать условия [договора]; hold to one's friends (to one's party, to one's choice, etc.) быть /оставаться/ верным своим друзьям и т. д.; hold for (in) smth. this rule (the principle, the theory, the hypothesis, etc.) holds for all cases это правило подходит ко всем случаям; this holds in every case это верно для всех случаев /во всех случаях/ || who knows what the future /tomorrow/ holds for us? кто знает, что нам готовит будущее?; hold at some level the market holds at 20 roubles на рынке удерживается цена в двадцать рублей
11. XVIII
1) hold oneself she doesn't know how to hold herself она не знает, как держаться /как ей себя вести/; hold oneself in some manner hold oneself well (badly) хорошо (плохо) держаться; hold oneself in some position hold oneself straight (upright, etc.) держаться прямо и т. д.; hold yourself still for a few minutes while I make a sketch of you постойте или посидите спокойно несколько минут, пока я не сделаю [с вас] набросок; hold oneself like smb., smth. hold oneself like a queen (like a doll, etc.) держаться /вести себя/, как королева и т. д.

2) hold oneself in some state hold oneself aloof (separate) держаться в стороне (отдельно от других); hold oneself ready /in readiness/ быть готовым; he held himself ready to start at a moment's notice он был готов отправиться по первому требованию

3) hold oneself in some state hold oneself responsible считать себя ответственным; I do not hold myself responsible for what happened я не считаю себя ответственным за то, что произошло
12. XXI1
1) hold smb., smth. by smth. hold the child by the hand (a bull by the horn, the basket by the handle, the box by the rope, etc.) держать ребенка за руку и т. д., hold smth., smb. in (over, in front of, etc.) smth. hold the bag in one's hand (both hands over one's head, the creature before one's face, etc.) держать сумку в руке и т. д.; hold a cigarette (a pipe, a cigar. a cigarette-holder, etc.) between the teeth (between one's lips, in one's mouth, etc.) держать сигарету и т. д. в зубах и т. д.; hold smb. in one's arms обнимать кого-л., держать кого-л. в своих объятиях; he held his head in his hands он обхватил / сжал/ голову руками

2) hold smth. against smb., smth. hold the fort against the enemy (the city against an army, the position against a detachment of parachute troops, etc.) защищать /оборонять/ крепость от неприятеля и т. д.; hold one's position against all competitors не сдавать своих позиций соперникам; hold one's own with smb. in beauty she held her own with all her rivals в красоте она не уступала ни одной из своих соперниц; hold smth. for smth. hold smb.'s baggage for non-payment of rent не отдавать кому-л. вещи до внесения квартирной платы; he held the audience for two hours он завладел вниманием слушателей на два часа; he held the floor for an hour он держал речь целый час; he holds the record for high jump он держит рекорд по прыжкам в высоту; hold smth. for smb. hold a room for me (seats for our guests, a book for first year students, etc.) оставьте /забронируйте, зарезервируйте/ комнату для меня и т. д., hold stocks for a rise попридержать акции до /, ожидая/ их повышения

3) hold smb. for smth. hold smb. for theft арестовать кого-л. за воровство; держать кого-л. в тюрьме за воровство; hold smb. for ransom держать кого-л., пока за него не будет внесен выкуп; hold smb. on a charge of smth. hold smb. on a charge of theft (of murder, etc.) задержать кого-л. по обвинению в воровстве и т. д.; hold smb. in smth. hold smb. in prison (in custody) держать кого-л. в тюрьме (под стражей); hold smb. till smth. they will hold him till we pay (till he recants, till tomorrow, etc.) они не выпустят его [до тех пор], пока мы не заплатим и т. д.; hold smb. for some time a fever held him for a week лихорадка /высокая температура/ не отпускала его целую неделю, неделю он провалялся с лихорадкой /с температурой/; hold smb. in smth. hold smb. in suspense (in fear, etc.) держать кого-л. в напряженном ожидании и т. д., hold smb. in check сдерживать кого-л.

4) hold smth. among smth. hold the first position among other similar institutions (among other boarding-houses, among many hotels, etc.) занимать ведущее положение среди других подобных учреждений и т.д., hold smth. at some time hold two offices at the same time занимать две должности одновременно

5) hold smth. for smb. life holds a lot of surprises for us all жизнь полна неожиданностей для всех; who knows what the future holds for us? кто знает, что нас ждет в будущем /что нам сулит будущее/?; hold smth. in smth. I can't hold all these figures (these facts, so many names, etc.) in my head я не могу держать все эти цифры и т. д. в голове

6) hold smb. to smth. hold smb. to a promise (to an agreement, to terms, etc.) требовать от кого-л. выполнения своего обещания и т. д., we shall hold you to your word мы будем добиваться, чтобы вы сдержали свое слово

7) hold smth. with smb. hold a conversation (a parley, a talk, etc.) with smb. вести /проводить, поддерживать/ разговор /беседу/ и т. д с кем-л.; hold smth. for smb. hold a reception (a ball, a performance, a concert, etc.) for the guests устроить прием и т. д. в честь гостей
13. XXII
hold oneself (smb.) from doing smth. hold oneself from asking (from laughing, etc.) удержаться от того, чтобы спросить и т. д.
14. XXIV1
hold smb. as smb. hold smb. as hostage (as a criminal, as a spy, etc.) задерживать /держать (под стражей, в заточении и т. п.)/ кого-л. в качестве /как/ заложника и т. д.
15. XXV
hold that... hold that his plan is impracticable (that all his statements are very doubtful, etc.) полагать /считать, думать/, что его план неосуществим и т. д.

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > hold
19 relinquo

rĕ-linquo, līqui, lictum, 3, v. a.
I.
(With the idea of the re predominating.) To leave behind (cf. desero, omitto).
A.
In gen., to leave behind by removing one's self; to leave, move away from; to leave, abandon (a person or thing).
1.
Lit.:
puerum apud matrem domi,
Plaut. Men. prol. 28:
ipse abiit foras, me reliquit pro atriensi in sedibus,
id. Poen. 5, 5, 4:
me filiis Relinquont quasi magistrum,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 22:
dicerent non me plane de provinciā decessisse, quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
Cic. Fam. 2, 15, 4:
C. Fabium legatum cum legionibus II. castris praesidio relinquit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 40:
cum me servum in servitute pro te hic reliqueris,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 18:
fratrem, sc. in provinciā,
Cic. Fam. 2, 15, 4:
post tergum hostem relinquere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf. id. ib. 7, 11:
ille omnibus precibus petere contendit, ut in Galliā relinqueretur,
might be left behind, id. ib. 5, 6:
greges pecorum... sub opacā valle reliquit,
Ov. M. 11, 277 et saep.:
ea causa miles hic reliquit symbolum,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 53:
hic exemplum reliquit ejus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 56:
(Hecuba) Hectoris in tumulo canum de vertice crinem... relinquit,
leaves behind, Ov. M. 13, 428:
(cacumina silvae) limum tenent in fronde relictum,
left behind, remaining, id. ib. 1, 347.— To leave behind one's self by moving away:
longius delatus aestu, sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8:
jamque hos, jamque illos, populo mirante, relinquit,
Sil. 16, 503; cf. in pass., to remain or be left behind, Lucr. 5, 626.—
2.
Trop.: hanc eram ipsam excusationem relicturus ad Caesarem, was about to leave behind me just this excuse (for my departure), Cic. Att. 9, 6, 1:
aculeos in animis,
id. Brut. 9, 38:
quod coeptum est dici, relinquitur in cogitatione audientium,
Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41:
aetate relictā,
Ov. M. 7, 170:
repetat relicta,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 97.—
Of rank or merit: (Homerus) omnes sine dubio et in omni genere eloquentiae procul a se reliquit,
Quint. 10, 1, 51.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To leave behind one by death; to leave, bequeath, etc.
a.
Lit.:
ea mortua est: reliquit filiam adulescentulam,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 41:
cum pauper cum duobus fratribus relictus essem,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 2; cf.:
pauper jam a majoribus relictus,
Nep. Epam. 2, 1:
agri reliquit ei non magnum modum,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 13:
heredem testamento reliquit hunc P. Quintium,
Cic. Quint. 4, 15:
cum ei testamento sestertiūm milies relinquatur,
id. Off. 3, 24, 93:
non, si qui argentum omne legavit, videri potest signatam quoque pecuniam reliquisse,
Quint. 5, 11, 33:
qui mihi reliquit haec quae habeo omnia,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 40:
cedo, quid reliquit Phania,
id. Hec. 3, 5, 8 and 13:
fundos decem et tres reliquit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:
aliquantum aeris alieni,
id. Quint. 4, 15:
servus aut donatus aut testamento relictus,
Quint. 5, 10, 67:
alicui arva, greges, armenta,
Ov. M. 3, 585:
se testamento liberum relictum,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 16.—
b.
Trop., to leave, leave behind one:
consiliorum ac virtutum nostrarum effigiem,
Cic. Arch. 12, 30:
qui sic sunt, haud multum heredem juvant, Sibi vero hanc laudem relinquont: vixit, dum vixit, bene,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 11:
rem publicam nobis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70; cf.:
statum civitatis,
id. ib. 1, 21, 34; id. Par. 1, 2, 10:
opus alicui,
id. Rep. 1, 22, 35: memoriam [p. 1558] aut brevem aut nullam, id. Off. 2, 16, 55:
monumentum audaciae suae aeternum,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 129:
quae scripta nobis summi ex Graeciā sapientissimique homines reliquerunt,
id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:
scriptum in Originibus,
id. Brut. 19, 75:
scripta posteris,
Quint. 1, praef. 1:
in scriptis relictum,
Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 194:
orationes reliquit et annales,
id. Brut. 27, 106:
duo tantum volumina,
Suet. Gram. 7:
librum de suis rebus imperfectum,
id. ib. 12; cf.:
si non omnia vates Ficta reliquerunt,
Ov. M. 13, 734:
pater, o relictum Filiae nomen,
Hor. C. 3, 27, 34.—
2.
To leave a thing behind; to leave remaining; to allow or permit to remain, to let remain, leave; pass., to be left, to remain.
a.
Lit.:
nihil relinquo in aedibus, Nec vas, nec vestimentum,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 88:
multis autem non modo granum nullum, sed ne paleae quidem ex omni fructu atque ex annuo labore relinquerentur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114:
nihil de tanto patrimonio,
id. Rosc. Am. 3, 10:
equitatus partem illi adtribuit, partem sibi reliquit,
Caes. B. G. 7, 34:
angustioribus portis relictis,
id. ib. 7, 70;
41: unam (filiam) minimamque relinque,
leave to me, Ov. M. 6, 299:
jam pauca aratro jugera regiae Moles relinquent,
Hor. C. 2, 15, 2:
dapis meliora relinquens,
id. S. 2, 6, 89:
magis apta tibi tua dona relinquam,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 43:
haec porcis hodie comedenda relinquis,
id. ib. 1, 7, 19; cf.:
habitanda fana Apris reliquit,
id. Epod. 16, 20:
relinquebatur una per Sequanos via,
remained, Caes. B. G. 1, 9; cf.:
unā ex parte leniter acclivis aditus relinquebatur,
id. ib. 2, 29:
se cum paucis relictum videt,
Sall. C. 60, 7:
nec aliud dicionis Atheniensium praeter ipsam urbem reliquit,
Just. 5, 7, 3.—
b.
Trop.:
quasi corpori reliqueris Tuo potestatem coloris ulli capiendi mala,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 37:
quam igitur relinquis populari rei publicae laudem?
Cic. Rep. 3, 35, 48:
ut vobis non modo dignitatis retinendae, sed ne libertatis quidem recuperandae spes relinquatur,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 17:
ceterorum sententiis semotis, relinquitur non mihi cum Torquato, sed virtuti cum voluptate certatio,
id. Fin. 2, 14, 44; cf.:
ne qua spes in fugā relinqueretur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 51:
nullā provocatione ad populum contra necem et verbera relicta,
Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 62; Hor. S. 1, 10, 51:
quis igitur relictus est objurgandi locus?
Ter. And. 1, 1, 127; cf.:
nihil est preci loci relictum,
id. ib. 3, 4, 22; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 14;
and, in another sense: plane nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,
i. e. he leaves no occasion for them, renders them superfluous, Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:
ne cui iniquo relinqueremus vituperandi locum,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 1:
Aedui nullum sibi ad cognoscendum spatium relinquunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 42:
spatium deliberandi,
Nep. Eun, 12, 3:
vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,
Cic. Quint. 15, 49; Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 33; cf. Cic. Brut. 72, 253 (v. Bernhardy ad loc.):
vita relicta est tantum modo,
Ov. P. 4, 16, 49:
quod munitioni castrorum tempus relinqui volebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9 fin.:
mihi consilium et virtutis vestrae regimen relinquite,
Tac. H. 1, 84:
suspicionem alicui relinquere,
Suet. Caes. 86:
aliquem veniae vel saevitiae alicujus,
Tac. H. 1, 68 fin.:
aliquem poenae,
Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 20:
aliquem poenae,
Ov. M. 7, 41: leto, poenaeque, id. id. 14, 217; cf.:
urbem direptioni et incendiis,
to give up, surrender, abandon, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:
neu relinquas hominem innocentem ad alicujus tui dissimilis quaestum,
do not leave, id. ib. 13, 64:
aliquid in alicujus spe,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 4, 16. — Poet., with obj.-clause:
(metus) Omnia suffundens mortis nigrore, neque ullam Esse voluptatem liquidam puramque relinquit,
Lucr. 3, 40; 1, 703; Ov. M. 14, 100:
dum ex parvo nobis tantundem haurire relinquas,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 52; Sil. 3, 708: nihil relinquitur nisi fuga, there is nothing left, nothing remains, but, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 6:
relinquitur illud, quod vociferari non destitit, non debuisse, etc.,
Cic. Fl. 34, 85; cf.:
mihi nihil relicti quicquam aliud jam esse intellego,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 81.— Impers. relinquitur, with ut (Zumpt, Gram. §
621): relinquitur, ut, si vincimur in Hispaniā, quiescamus,
it remains, that, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2; cf.: relinquebatur, ut neque longius ab agmine legionum discedi Caesar pateretur, Caes. B. G. 5, 19 fin. — In a logical conclusion: relinquitur ergo, ut omnia tria genera sint causarum, hence it follows that, etc., Cic. Inv. 1, 9, 12; id. Div. 2, 5, 14.—
3.
With double predicate, to leave a thing behind in a certain state; to leave, let remain, suffer to be, etc.:
eum Plautus locum Reliquit integrum,
has left untouched, Ter. Ad. prol. 10:
praesertim cum integram rem et causam reliquerim,
have left unaltered, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 13; cf.:
Scaptius me rogat, ut rem sic relinquam,
id. ib. 5, 21, 13, §
12: Morini, quos Caesar in Britanniam proficiscens pacatos reliquerat,
Caes. B. G. 4, 37; cf.:
amici, quos incorruptos Jugurtha reliquerat,
Sall. J. 103, 2:
reliquit (eam) Incertam et tristi turbatam volnere mentis,
Verg. A. 12, 160:
(naves) in litore deligatas ad ancoram relinquebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 9:
erat aeger in praesidio relictus,
id. ib. 6, 38:
in mediis lacerā nave relinquor aquis,
Ov. P. 2, 3, 28:
quod insepultos reliquissent eos, quos, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 4, 8, 26; 2, 11, 21:
aliquid incohatum,
id. ib. 1, 35, 55; cf.:
inceptam oppugnationem,
to give up, abandon, quit, Caes. B. G. 7, 17:
incoepta fila,
Ov. M. 6, 34:
infecta sacra,
id. ib. 6, 202:
opus incoeptum,
id. A. A. 2, 78:
verba imperfecta,
id. H. 13, 13:
pro effectis relinquunt, vixdum incohata,
Quint. 5, 13, 34:
aliquid injudicatum,
id. 10, 1, 67:
aliquid neglectum,
id. 1, 1, 29:
incertum,
id. 2, 10, 14:
tantas copias sine imperio,
Caes. B. G. 7, 20 init.; cf.:
sine ture aras,
Ov. M. 8, 277:
verbum in ambiguo,
Lucr. 4, 1137:
mulierem nullam nominabo: tantum in medio relinquam,
Cic. Cael. 20, 48; cf.:
correptio in dubio relicta,
Quint. 7, 9, 13.
II.
(With the idea of the verb predominant.) To leave behind one, to leave, go away from; to forsake, abandon, desert a person or thing.
A.
In gen.
1.
Lit.:
ubi illaec obsecrost quae me hic reliquit,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 32: relinquamus nebulonem hunc, Scip. Afr. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; cf.:
non ego te hic lubens relinquo neque abeo abs te,
Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 33:
domum propinquosque reliquisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44; cf. id. ib. 1, 30:
relictis locis superioribus,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 36:
loci relinquendi facultas,
Caes. B. G. 3, 4 fin.:
Ilio relicto,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 14:
urbes,
id. ib. 2, 20, 5:
moenia,
id. Epod. 17, 13:
litus relictum Respicit,
Ov. M. 2, 873:
Roma relinquenda est,
id. Tr. 1, 3, 62:
colles clamore relinqui (sc.: a bubus),
were left behind, Verg. A. 8, 216 Wagn.:
limen,
id. ib. 5, 316:
mensas,
id. ib. 3, 213:
dominos,
Cat. 61, 51:
volucres Ova relinquebant,
Lucr. 5, 802 et saep.—
2.
Trop.: me somnu' reliquit, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 52 Vahl.); cf.:
quem vita reliquit,
Lucr. 5, 63: reliquit aliquem vita, for to die, Ov. M. 11, 327:
ubi vita tuos reliquerit artus,
id. Ib. 339;
for which, also, reversely: animam relinquam potius, quam illas deseram,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 52; so,
vitam,
Verg. G. 3, 547; cf. Tac. A. 4, 34:
lucem,
Verg. A. 4, 452:
lumen vitale,
Ov. M. 14, 175:
consitus sum senectute, vires Reliquere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 6:
aliquem animus,
id. Mil. 4, 8, 37; Caes. B. G. 6, 38:
animus reliquit euntem,
Ov. M. 10, 459:
aliquem anima,
Nep. Eum. 4, 2:
ab omni honestate relictus,
abandoned, destitute of, Cic. Rab. Perd. 8, 23:
ab alterā (quartanā) relictum esse,
id. Att. 8, 6, 3; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 290.—
B.
In partic., pregn., to leave in the lurch; to forsake, abandon, desert, etc. (v. desero, destituo, prodo).
1.
Lit.:
qui... Reliquit deseruitque me,
has forsaken me, has given me the slip, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 45; cf.:
reliquit me homo atque abiit,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 5:
succurrere relictae,
Verg. A. 9, 290.—
Of the forsaking of a lover by his mistress,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 64; Tib. 3, 6, 40; Prop. 1, 6, 8; Ov. H. 10, 80; id. M. 8, 108:
paucos, qui ex fugā evaserant, reliquerunt,
i. e. let them escape, Caes. B. G. 3, 19. — Of things, to leave, give up, abandon, etc.:
argentum si relinquo ac non peto, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 31:
auctores signa relinquendi et deserendi castra,
Liv. 5, 6; cf.:
relictā non bene parmulā,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 10.—
2.
Trop., to leave, let alone, give up, resign, neglect, forsake, abandon, relinquish:
rem et causam et utilitatem communem non relinquere solum, sed etiam prodere,
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50 (for which:
derelinquo jam communem causam,
id. ib. 35, 103):
jus suum dissolute,
id. ib. 36, 103:
affectum, cum ad summum perduxerimus,
Quint. 6, 1, 29:
(puella) Quod cupide petiit, mature plena reliquit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 100: eum rogato, ut relinquat alias res et huc veniat, to leave or lay aside every thing else, Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 8; cf.:
omnibus relictis rebus,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 6; so,
relictis rebus (omnibus),
id. Ep. 4, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 1, 25; Ter. And. 2, 5, 1; id. Eun. 1, 2, 86; id. Heaut. 4, 7, 12; Lucr. 3, 1071; Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 51; Caes. B. C. 3, 102; cf.
also: res omnes relictas habeo prae quod tu velis,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38:
omnia relinques, si me amabis, cum, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 14:
et agrorum et armorum cultum,
to give up, abandon, neglect, id. Rep. 2, 4, 7:
si tu ea relinquis et deseris,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 36, § 80:
studium exquirendi,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 7:
agrum alternis annis,
to suffer to lie fallow, Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 3:
loca relicta,
uncultivated, wild lands, Front. Limit. p. 42 Goes.; so,
relictae possessiones,
Cic. Agr. 1, 1, 3:
milites bellum illud, quod erat in manibus, reliquisse,
abandoned, relinquished, id. Rep. 2, 37, 63; cf. possessionem, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:
obsidionem,
to raise the siege, Liv. 5, 48:
caedes relinquo, libidines praetereo,
leave unmentioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 3, 6:
consulto relinquere (locum), opp. praetermittere,
id. Off. 3, 2, 9; cf.:
hoc certe neque praetermittendum neque relinquendum est,
id. Cat. 3, 8, 18; and:
audistis haec, judices, quae nunc ego omnia praetereo et relinquo,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 106;
in this sense also,
id. Brut. 45, 165; cf. id. ib. 19, 76; Hor. A. P. 150:
cur injurias tuas conjunctas cum publicis reliquisti?
left unnoticed, uncensured, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 33, § 84; cf.:
vim et causam efficiendi reliquerunt,
id. Fin. 1, 6, 18:
vos legatum omni supplicio interfectum relinquetis?
id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:
quis est, qui vim hominibus armatis factam relinqui putet oportere,
id. Caecin. 3, 9.— Poet., with obj.clause:
quod si plane contueare, mirari multa relinquas,
leave off, cease, Lucr. 6, 654.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > relinquo
20 line

I [laɪn] 1. сущ.
1)

а) верёвка, шнур; мор. линь

clothesline — верёвка для развешивания и сушки белья

Syn:

rope, cord, string

б) поэт. нить паутины

в) провод

г) авиа стропа ( парашюта)

steering line — стропа управления

Syn:

strap

д) ( lines) диал.; амер. поводья

2) леса ( удочки)

to cast a line — забрасывать удочку

to reel in a line — наматывать леску

to reel out a line — разматывать леску

- fishing line

3) ( lines) предопределённый жребий, судьба

- hard lines

4)

а) линия; черта, штрих

crooked / curved line — кривая, кривая линия

horizontal line — горизонтальная линия

parallel line — параллельная линия

perpendicular line — перпендикуляр

straight line — прямая линия

vertical line — вертикальная линия

fine / thin line — тонкая линия

heavy / thick line — толстая линия

solid / unbroken line — сплошная линия

to draw a line — провести линию

- contour line
- wavy line
- broken line
б) муз. линейка ( нотного стана), нотная линейка

в) иск. линия; линии, контуры

- line of beauty

г) спорт. черта, линия ( часть разметки на поле)

end line — лицевая линия ( в баскетболе)

goal line — линия ворот

service line — линия подачи ( в теннисе)

5) муз. инструментальная или вокальная мелодия, мелодическая линия

But it is line, always line, not harmony, that is the essence of the matter. — Но именно мелодическая линия, именно мелодия, а не гармония составляет самое существенное.

6) тлв.; = scan(ning) line строка изображения

7)

а) линия руки

line of life — линия жизни

line of fortune — линия судьбы

line of the heart — линия любви

б) морщина, складка ( на лице или на руках)

to take lines — покрываться морщинами

в) спектральная линия

8) ( the line) экватор; небесный экватор

under the line — на экваторе

to cross the line — пересечь экватор

Syn:

equator

9)

а) поведение, образ действий; разг. лёгкость в обращении, внешне привлекательное поведение или обращение

to take a strong line — действовать энергично

б) полит. курс

They think that the liberal line - uncontrolled immigration - can be held for a few more years, but not indefinitely. — Они полагают, что линия, которую проводят либералы, а именно неконтролируемая иммиграция, может продержаться ещё несколько лет, но не бесконечно.

10)

а) контур, очертания

The round line of the sea was bleared. — Закруглённая береговая линия была едва видна.

Syn:

contour, outline, lineament

б) покрой ( одежды)

Line, the silhouette of a garment that makes it look fashionable or unfashionable. — Покрой - это силуэт одежды, который делает её модной или немодной.

11) ( lines) план, чертёж

12) линия (мера длины, равная 1/12 дюйма)

13)

а) граница, пограничная линия; предел прям. и перен.

line of demarcation — демаркационная линия

to go over the line — перейти границы, перейти предел

city line — черта города

snow line — нижняя граница вечных снегов; снеговая граница, линия

squall line — грозовой фронт

state line — государственная граница

township line — граница района

tree line — верхняя граница произрастания лесов

Syn:

limit, boundary

б) карт. черта ( при подсчёте очков в бридже)

above the line — "над чертой" (колонка, куда заносятся премиальные очки)

below the line — "под чертой" (колонка, куда заносится цена заявленных очков в случае выполнения контракта разыгрывающим)

14) амер.; брит. queue очередь

to form a line — образовывать очередь

to get into line — вставать в очередь

to wait in line — ждать очереди

to be in line for smth. — быть на очереди, иметь шанс на что-л.

checkout line — список очередников

15) поэт. стая гусей

16) = assembly line конвейер

to work on an assembly line — работать на конвейере

17) воен.

а) оборонительный рубеж; линия фронта

line of battle — боевой порядок; линия фронта

line of defence — линия обороны

б) ( lines) расположение (войск, частей), строй ( солдат)

the enemy's lines — расположение противника

в) ( the line) пехотные части ( в британской армии), строевые войска ( в американской армии)

18)

а) строка

line by / for line — с начала до конца, строка за строкой, пункт за пунктом

to read between the lines — читать между строк

б) записка, короткое письмо

Drop me a few lines. — Черкните мне несколько строк.

19) ( lines)

а) стихи, поэзия

Syn:

poetry, verses

б) строчки, переписываемые в качестве наказания ( для нерадивых учеников)

в) = marriage lines свидетельство о браке

г) театр. слова роли, реплика

to say one's lines — произносить слова роли

to memorize one's lines — заучивать роль

20) генеалогия, происхождение, родословная

to establish / found a line — составить родословную

female line — женская линия ( родословной)

male line — мужская линия ( родословной)

direct line — прямая линия

21)

а) направление, путь, курс

line of march — направление движения ( войск)

б) линия сообщения; сокр. от line of rails, railway line, tram line железнодорожная линия

main line — главная железнодорожная линия

branch line — железнодорожная ветка

loop line — кольцевая линия

амер. streetcar / брит. tram line — трамвайная линия

to introduce a (new) line — пустить (новую) линию

to discontinue a line — закрывать линию

bus line — автобусная линия

steamship line — пароходная линия

Syn:

track, course, direction, route

в) линия связи

line of communication — линия связи

the voice on the other end of the line — голос на другом конце провода

to be on the line — быть на проводе

The line is engaged. — брит. Линия занята.

Hold the line! — Не вешайте трубку!

Line busy. — Занято. ( ответ телефонистки)

The line is bad. — Плохо слышно.

long-distance line — междугородная линия

22) направление, ход, течение (действий, мыслей, жизни)

Few men whose line of life lay so far apart from a naturalist's or a poet's can ever have loved nature or poetry better. — Среди людей, чья жизнь столь далека от жизни натуралиста или поэта, лишь немногие могут так любить природу или поэзию.

23) занятие, род деятельности, область интересов

line of work — род занятий

not in my / out of my line — не по моей части

line of business — театр. актёрское амплуа

24) партия товаров

to carry / handle / introduce a line — продавать товары

to discontinue / drop a line — прекращать выпуск или продажу

complete / full line — полный ассортимент ( товаров)

The shop carries the best line of shoes. — В этом магазине продается самая лучшая обувь.

first-class lines — первоклассные товары

25) "линия" (перечень событий и исходов с коэффициентами выигрышей, предлагаемые букмекером для заключения пари)

••

to pay on the line — оплачивать сразу, не откладывая

to draw the line at smth. — пресечь что-л., положить конец чему-л.

to step / get out of line — выходить за рамки приличий, нарушать правила поведения

- hot line
- on line
- off line
- give line
- by line
- by line and level
- by rule and line
- bring into a line
- bring into line
- get a line on
- give a line on
- lay it on the line
- put it on the line
- shoot a line
- be in line with

- come into line
- do a line with smb. 2. гл.
1) отмечать линией или линиями; проводить линии, покрывать линиями, линовать; покрывать морщинами

to line through — зачёркивать, вычёркивать

Line the pages for the graph both horizontally and vertically. — Разлинуй страницы по горизонтали и по вертикали для графиков.

He had a healthy colour in his cheeks, and his face, though lined, bore few traces of anxiety. — У него был здоровый вид и, несмотря на морщины, он не выглядел озабоченным.

His pale face was lined with melancholy resignation. — Его бледное лицо было отмечено унылой покорностью.

2) = line out набрасывать, чертить

Syn:

delineate, sketch

3) = line up

а) выстраивать, располагать в ряд, в линию; устанавливать очередь

line up troops — выстроить войска

People were lined up in front of the theater. — Людей выстроили в линию перед театром.

б) выстраиваться, располагаться в одну линию; выстраиваться в очередь; стоять, тянуться вдоль (чего-л.)

Orange trees lined the well gravelled walks. — Апельсиновые деревья тянулись вдоль покрытых гравием дорожек.

•

Syn:

align, array, rank

•

- line up
II [laɪn] гл.
1)

а) класть на подкладку

б) служить подкладкой

2)

а) обивать, обшивать (чем-л.) изнутри

б) служить обивкой

3) разг. набивать, наполнять

to line one's pockets — нажиться, разбогатеть

to line one's stomach — набить живот

The shelves are lined with books. — Полки заставлены книгами.

Syn:

cram, stuff

4) тех. выкладывать, облицовывать

Англо-русский современный словарь > line

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